斜坡区骨性结构的测量及临床意义

发布时间：2018-05-04 05:34

本文选题：颅底 + 斜坡　；参考：《吉林大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 目的:近几年对斜坡区手术入路的研究是颅底外科和临床解剖的热点,该区域病变的手术一直被认为是神经外科的难题,其手术死亡率和伤残率高。该区域的骨性解剖数据(尤其是中国北方人)还不全面。为了给斜坡区的手术入路的选择和安全手术范围的制定提供准确的解剖学依据,我们将较全面地测量斜坡区骨性结构相关解剖数据。材料与方法:本研究通过对颅的水平切面10个标本和颅的正中矢状切面10个标本进行测量,得出了切牙孔、前鼻棘、后鼻棘、枕骨大孔前端、枕髁前端、卵圆孔、破裂孔、颈动脉管外口及舌下神经管外口的内侧缘至咽结节及后四项至中线的距离;斜坡颅底面高度;枕骨大孔纵径(FML)、枕骨大孔前正中点与枕髁后缘连线垂直距离(AOCP)、枕髁轴径(OCA)、枕髁间距。并且把这些数据与同类研究的结果进行比较。结论:颅底手术基本原则为普遍适用。参照本文测量得到的破裂孔至咽结节距离和斜坡颅底面高度,对斜坡区手术时开骨窗的安全范围给出了一些新结论,所以开骨窗的实际操作要根据地理位置和人种做适当的调整。
[Abstract]:Objective: in recent years, the study of surgical approach to Clivus region is a hot spot in skull base surgery and clinical anatomy. The operation of this area is always regarded as a difficult problem in neurosurgery, and the operative mortality and disability rate are high. The data on bone anatomy in the region, especially in northern China, are incomplete. In order to provide an accurate anatomical basis for the choice of surgical approach and the formulation of safe surgical scope in the clival region, we will comprehensively measure the anatomical data related to the bone structure of the clival region. Materials and methods: the foramen incisor anterior nasal spine posterior nasal spine occipital foramen anterior occipital foramen occipital condyle anterior occipital foramen occipital condyle foramen ovale and rupture foramen were measured. The distance from the medial margin of the external orifice of the carotid artery and the hypoglossal canal to the pharyngeal nodule and the posterior four to the midline, the height of the base of the Clivus skull; The longitudinal diameter of foramen magnum of occipital bone and the vertical distance between the anterior midpoint of occipital foramen and the posterior edge of occipital condyle were observed and the distance between occipital condyle and occipital condyle was observed. These data were compared with the results of similar studies. Conclusion: the basic principle of skull base operation is universal. With reference to the distance from ruptured foramen to pharyngeal nodule and the height of the base of the Clivus, some new conclusions are given on the safe range of the open bone window during the operation in the clival region. Therefore, the actual operation of bone window should be adjusted according to geographical location and race.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R322

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