云南农田土壤中活蛔虫卵污染情况及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-05-27 09:20

本文选题：农田 + 土壤　；参考：《环境卫生学杂志》2015年02期

【摘要】：目的了解云南省农田土壤中活蛔虫卵污染现状,探讨活蛔虫卵污染土壤的影响因素。方法根据《2013年全国农村环境卫生监测项目技术方案》,抽取16个州(市)45个县892个行政村进行调查并采集土壤样品,采用饱和硝酸盐漂浮法检测土壤中蛔虫卵污染情况,使用SPSS 17.0对数据进行统计分析。结果土壤中蛔虫卵检出率为46.5%,阳性土样中平均有蛔虫卵1.7(0.5,4.3)个/g;活蛔虫卵检出率为30.9%,阳性土样中平均有活蛔虫卵1.0(0.3,3.0)个/g。卡方统计显示:生活垃圾收集方式、有无环境卫生管理制度、是否做过专门的环境卫生规划、是否开展过环境卫生相关健康教育、村中有无卫生经费投入、土壤质地,对农田土壤中活蛔虫卵检出有影响(P0.05),尚不能认为土壤湿度、p H值和土壤中植物根系对农田土壤中活蛔虫卵检出有影响(P0.05),多因素逐步Logistic回归显示:生活垃圾收集方式和有无环境卫生管理制度与土壤中活蛔虫卵检出率呈负相关(P0.05),是影响农田土壤中活蛔虫卵污染的主要因素。结论云南农田中蛔虫卵和活蛔虫卵检出率仍较高,应引起重视。建立环境卫生管理制度和统一收集生活垃圾可降低农田土壤中活蛔虫卵的污染机会,在农村地区应大力推进创建"卫生先进示范村"工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the status of living Ascaris lumbricoides eggs contamination in farmland soil of Yunnan Province and to explore the influencing factors of soil contamination by living Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. Methods according to the Technical Program of the National Rural Environmental Sanitation Monitoring Project in 2013, 892 administrative villages in 45 counties in 16 states (cities) were selected for investigation and soil samples were collected. The contamination of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in soil was detected by saturated nitrate floating method. SPSS 17.0 was used to analyze the data. Results the detectable rate of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in soil was 46.5, and the average positive soil samples were 1.70.5c4.3a / g of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs and 30.9g / g of live roundworm eggs, and the average positive soil samples were 1.0g / g of live Ascaris worms eggs and 0.3cr / g of positive soil samples. Chi Fang statistics show that: domestic waste collection, whether there is an environmental sanitation management system, whether there has been a special environmental health plan, whether or not environmental hygiene related health education has been carried out, whether there is health expenditure in the village, and whether there is a soil texture. It has an effect on the detection of ascaris lumbricoides eggs in farmland soil. It can not be considered that soil moisture pH value and plant roots in soil have an effect on the detection of living Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in farmland soil. The stepwise Logistic regression analysis of multiple factors shows that the collection method of domestic waste can not be regarded as an important factor in the detection of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in farmland. The positive rate of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in soil was negatively correlated with the environmental sanitation management system, which was the main factor affecting the contamination of living Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in farmland soil. Conclusion the detection rate of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs and living Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in farmland of Yunnan Province is still high, which should be paid more attention to. The establishment of environmental sanitation management system and the unified collection of domestic refuse can reduce the chance of contamination of living roundworm eggs in farmland soil. In rural areas, the work of "advanced demonstration village of hygiene" should be vigorously promoted.
【作者单位】：云南省疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：原卫生部疾病预防控制局(全国爱卫办)、中国疾病预防控制中心农村改水技术指导中心资助项目
【分类号】：R383.11

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