基于B超图像监测HIFU治疗区温度与组织损伤的方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 19:10

  本文选题：高强度聚焦超声 + B超图像　； 参考：《湖南师范大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)作为一种新的癌症治疗手段越来越受到人们的重视。因为它是基于高温热效应对组织损伤的原理,所以对治疗过程中组织损伤的评价和组织温度的测量都十分重要。传统损伤评价的方法是医生凭借长期的经验积累判定组织是否凝固坏死,这种方法的缺点是很容易引起误判;而传统的有损测温的方法会给病人带来痛苦且容易引起肿瘤转移,因此其应用受到很大限制。 本文详细研究了超声治疗过程中的组织损伤评价和无损测温问题,对生物组织在高强度聚焦超声加热时组织的B超图像随温度变化的关系进行了研究分析,所做的主要工作有: 1在边缘检测和边缘增强方面做了大量研究,提出了一种有效的B超图像边缘检测方法,使用该方法可以自动确定HIFU辐照焦点区域边缘。 2通过大量实验数据分析了B超图像的灰度特征与组织温度的关系。研究发现,当组织初始温度为37～40℃且温升在30℃以内时,焦域内的灰度平均值与温度变化值基本呈线性关系,且多次实验结果的收敛性较好;当温升大于30℃时,多次实验结果的收敛性降低。 3分析了B超图像的灰度特征和分形特征值与组织损伤程度的关系。结果表明:利用B超图像焦域位置的灰度平均值和分形截距判断组织是否发生蛋白质凝固的准确度分别可达89%和93%以上。 4利用频域分析方法,通过对B超图像焦域位置进行离散余弦变化,将结果的低频矢量输入神经网络,利用神经网络的模式分类功能对实验样本的损伤程度进行自动识别,结果表明该方法能准确判定组织蛋白质是否凝固。 本文做了大量实验研究,通过对这些数据样本分析建立了组织损伤评价的规则和B超无损测温的方法。虽然要实现精确测温还比较困难,但这些方法均能较准确地反映出组织的损伤程度和温升趋势。本文所做工作对HIFU治疗有重要意义,其结果具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been paid more and more attention as a new method of cancer treatment. Because it is based on the principle of tissue damage caused by hyperthermia, it is very important to evaluate the tissue injury and measure the tissue temperature in the course of treatment. The traditional method of damage assessment is based on the doctor's long-term experience to determine whether the tissue coagulated and necrotic. The disadvantage of this method is that it can easily lead to misjudgment, while the traditional method of damaging temperature measurement can bring pain to the patient and cause tumor metastasis. Therefore, its application is greatly restricted. In this paper, the tissue damage evaluation and nondestructive temperature measurement during ultrasound treatment are studied in detail. The relationship between the B ultrasonic images of biological tissue and temperature during high intensity focused ultrasound heating is analyzed. The main works are as follows: (1) We have done a lot of research on edge detection and edge enhancement, and put forward an effective edge detection method for B-ultrasound image. Using this method, the edge of HIFU irradiating focal area can be automatically determined. 2 the relationship between gray characteristics and tissue temperature of B-ultrasound image is analyzed by a large number of experimental data. It is found that when the initial temperature of the tissue is 37 ~ 40 鈩，

本文编号：2114396