嗜盐微生物的多样性分析及其抗菌与抗肿瘤活性研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 20:44

【摘要】： 开发可培养的嗜盐微生物并检测它们潜在的抗菌和抗肿瘤活性,从中发现新颖的化合物,将具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。对从山东省威海盐场采集的底泥和海水样品中存在的微生物进行了分离。测定了各种嗜盐菌株的生长特性,并依据其嗜盐特性进行了分类。通过形态观察和分子生物学方法对嗜盐菌株进行了分类鉴定和系统发育分析。对嗜盐菌株进行抑菌活性筛选,并测定嗜盐菌株的粗提取物对肿瘤细胞生长的抑制作用。从盐场样品中共分离到45株细菌、28株真菌和38株放线菌,都具有中度嗜盐特性。嗜盐细菌的系统发育分析表明,17个菌株属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),分属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、喜盐芽孢杆菌属(Halobacillus)、动性球菌属(Planococcus)和盐水球菌属(Salinicoccus);其他28个菌株均属于γ-变形细菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria)的盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)。嗜盐真菌均属于真菌门(Eumycota)的半知菌亚门(Deuteromycotina),9个菌株属于曲霉属(Aspergillus),19个菌株属于青霉属(Penicillium)。嗜盐放线菌属于放线菌门(Actinobacteria),主要以链霉菌属(Streptomyces)为主。嗜盐细菌对革兰氏阳性菌、多种人病原真菌和植物病原真菌都表现出较强的抑制作用;嗜盐真菌对革兰氏阳性和阴性细菌都有明显的抑制作用。14株细菌、13株真菌和20株放线菌的粗提物对肿瘤细胞都表现出很强的抑制作用。结果表明,嗜盐微生物可作为发现新颖生物活性物质的潜在资源。
[Abstract]:The development of culturable halophilic microorganisms and the detection of their potential antimicrobial and antitumor activities, and the discovery of novel compounds will be of great theoretical significance and application value. Microbes were isolated from sediment and seawater samples collected from Weihai Salt Farm, Shandong Province. The growth characteristics of various halophilic strains were determined and classified according to their halophilic characteristics. The halophilic strains were identified and phylogenetic analysis by morphological observation and molecular biology. The antimicrobial activity of halophilic strain was screened, and the inhibitory effect of crude extract of halophilic strain on tumor cell growth was determined. A total of 45 strains of bacteria, 28 strains of fungi and 38 strains of actinomycetes were isolated from salt field samples. Phylogenetic analysis of halophilic bacteria shows that 17 strains belong to the phylum (Firmicutes), of Bacillus (Bacillus), Bacillus, (Bacillus), Bacillus, (Halobacillus), (Planococcus), and the other 28 strains of Salina, (Salinicoccus);, all belong to (Halomonas)., which belongs to 纬 -Proteobacteria. Halophilic fungi belong to (Eumycota) subphylum (Deuteromycotina), 9 strains belong to Aspergillus (Aspergillus), 19 strains belong to Penicillium (Penicillium). Halophilic actinomycetes belong to (Actinobacteria), of actinomycetes, mainly Streptomyces (Streptomyces). Halophilic bacteria showed strong inhibition on Gram-positive bacteria, various human pathogenic fungi and plant pathogenic fungi. The crude extracts of 14 strains of bacteria, 13 strains of fungi and 20 strains of actinomycetes showed strong inhibitory effects on tumor cells. The results showed that halophilic microorganisms could be used as potential resources for the discovery of novel bioactive substances.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院（海洋研究所）
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：R371

【参考文献】