病理切片中肺吸虫、猪囊虫和裂头蚴的鉴别诊断研究

发布时间：2018-09-11 12:06

【摘要】：病理切片中各种蠕虫的鉴定是临床病理诊断中常见的难题,其原因是到目前为止针对不同虫种的组织形态特征未见有系统的形态描述或图谱分析,也未建立一种实用于临床鉴别虫种的方法。本研究对(肺吸虫、猪囊虫和曼氏裂头蚴)此三种蠕虫病理组织切片进行了形态学比较分析和基因检测。研究方法：收集多个不同种蠕虫的石蜡切片标本(来源于动物或临床患者)和12个临床病理切片标本(来源于疑似感染此三种蠕虫的临床患者)；在光学镜下比较观察和分析已知肺吸虫、猪囊虫和裂头蚴的组织结构相似性和特征性,阐述了虫体组织退变而呈现为不典型形态结构的特征；根据此三种蠕虫的种特异性基因序列,设计相应PCR引物检测此三种蠕虫做种特异性,并探索了从组织内蠕虫的病理白片、染色片和组化片中提取DNA的方法以及提取DNA所需的虫体组织量,最后检测该方法是否实用于临床切片标本。结果显示：①三种蠕虫和其他吸虫的网状组织结构和皮层具有相似性；三种蠕虫的特征性标志,肺吸虫具有尖刀样的皮棘、椭圆形的断面和组织内可见管腔器官及吸盘,猪囊虫断面大且具有多个不规则囊腔,裂头蚴断面呈长椭圆形可见大量石灰小体；退化变性后的虫体使其特征性结构有不同程度地消失。②用肺吸虫(L12/R12和F3/B3)、裂头蚴(F650/R800)和猪囊虫(F3/R7)的引物分别对此三种蠕虫、其他寄生虫、宿主组织进行PCR扩增后,在相应的这三种蠕虫的泳道中有明显的目的条带,而其他寄生虫和宿主组织均未扩增出条带。③用改良蛋白酶K消化法提出DNA所需最小组织量：肺吸虫的为1.50mm2×10μm；曼氏裂头蚴的为4.87mm2×5μm；猪囊虫的为5.80mm×5μm.研究结论：描述了这三种蠕虫的组织病理学,为临床病理诊断提供了更可靠的形态学依据；建立了一种快速简便、特异性高和敏感性高的适用于临床鉴别诊断此三种蠕虫的分子生物学方法。图23幅,表1个,参考文献84篇。
[Abstract]:The identification of helminth in pathological sections is a common problem in clinical pathological diagnosis. The reason is that so far, no systematic morphological description or map analysis has been done for the morphological characteristics of different species of insects, nor has a method for clinical identification of insects has been established. * (paragonimiasis, cysticercus cellulosae and Schistosoma mansoni) were studied in this study. Methods: Paraffin section specimens (from animal or clinical patients) and 12 clinical pathological section specimens (from clinical patients suspected to be infected with the three worms) were collected and compared under optical microscope. * the structure and similarity of paragonimiasis, cysticercus cellulosae and larval digits were described, and the characteristics of atypical morphological structure were described. The corresponding PCR primers were designed according to the specific gene sequences of these three species of worms, and the three species of worms were detected. The results showed that: (1) the reticular structure and cortex of the three worms and other trematodes were similar; the characteristic markers of the three worms, paragonimiasis, had sharp cuticular spines and ellipses. There are large number of irregular cavities in the cross section of the cysticercus cellulosae * with a large number of irregular cysts, and a large number of calcareous bodies are seen in the section of the cleft spider. The degenerated degenerated worm has disappearance of its characteristic structure. * (L12/ R12 and F3/B3), F650/R800 and cysticercus cellulosae (F3/R7) (3) After PCR amplification of the primers on the swimming lanes of the three worms, other parasites and host tissues, there were obvious target bands in the swimming lanes of the three worms, but no bands were amplified in other parasites and host tissues. The results are as follows: 4.87mm2 * 5 m; cysticercus cellulosae 5.80mm * 5 m. M. conclusion: the histopathology of these three worms is described, which provides a more reliable morphological basis for clinical pathological diagnosis. A rapid, simple, highly specific and sensitive molecular biology suitable for clinical differential diagnosis of these three worms has been established. There are 23 tables, 1 tables and 84 references.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R361.2

【参考文献】