化学修饰的iGb3类似物优势诱导NK细胞分泌Th1类细胞因子的分子机制研究
[Abstract]:Objective Natural killer T cells (NKT) are a special type of T lymphocytes capable of recognizing glycolipid antigens presented by non-classical MHC class I molecule CD1d and expressing NK and T cell surface markers NK1.1 and TCR.NKT cells via endogenous ligand sheath glycolipid iGb3 (isoglobotrihexosylceramide) and exogenous glycolipid binding. Activated human alpha-galactose ceramide (alpha-GalCer) can secrete many cytokines, such as IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-13, which play an important role in anti-tumor, anti-virus infection, autoimmune tolerance and autoimmune diseases. However, NKT cells can secrete both Th1 and Th2 cytokines, affecting iGb3 or alpha-GalCer. Glucolipid molecules will play a more extensive role in clinical application if effective ways can be found to actively regulate the relative production of two types of cytokines.
It was found that OCH, an analogue obtained by truncating the saddle alcohol chain of alpha-GalCer, could achieve the predominant secretion of IL-4 by lowering the stability of glycolipid molecule-CD1d complex and enhancing the affinity of glycolipid molecule-TCR. The analogue alpha-C-GalCer can prolong the time of interaction with C D1d and NKT cells by enhancing the stability of the links between the various parts of glycolipid molecules to achieve the predominant secretion of IFN-gamma. It is suggested that targeted modification of glycolipids can induce the secretion of Th1/Th2 cytokines in NKT cells. The functional and structural differences of NKT cells activated by glycolipids and lipids after modification were analyzed. However, there is no study on the modification of endogenous ligand iGb3.
In view of this, we modified iGb3 and alpha-GalCe, and obtained a number of chemically modified iGb3 and alpha-GalCe analogues. In the previous work, we screened two analogues 4-HO-iGb3 and 4''-dh-iGb3, which had the predominant ability to induce the secretion of Th1 cytokines in mouse liver NKT cells. The predominant secretion of cytokines from chemically modified iGb3 analogues was selected and determined. On this basis, the interaction between glycolipids/APC/TCR and some important factors affecting the secretion of NKT cytokines, such as cell microenvironment, were discussed in depth, which provided a new strategy and basis for the design and clinical application of glycolipids.
Methods (1) The number of NKT cells and the expression of intracellular cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-4 in liver and spleen of mice were detected by flow cytometry. (2) Differentiation and maturation of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells were induced in vitro. (3) ELISA assay. The secretion levels of cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-4 in serum and cell culture supernatant of mice treated with chemically modified iGb3 analogues were measured. (4) The gene expression of IFN-gamma, IL-4, GATA-3 and T-bet in splenic lymphocytes of mice was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. (5) QSAR software was used to analyze TCR receptors on glycolipids and NKT cells and CD1d on APC cells. (6) The expression of T-bet and GATA-3 in spleen lymphocytes of mice was detected by Western blot.
Result
First, the predominance of chemically modified iGb3 analogue 4'''-dh-iGb3 induces the secretion of IFN-gamma by mouse liver and spleen NKT cells
Intraperitoneal injection of iGb3 and its analogues into C57BL/6 mice showed that chemically modified iGb3 analogue 4'''-dh-iGb3 did not increase the proportion and number of NKT cells in the liver and spleen, but significantly increased the expression of IFN-gamma in the NKT cells of the liver and spleen, the secretion of IFN-gamma and the level of IFN-gamma in the serum, and the expression of Th2 cytokine IL-4. The expression of cytokines in NKT cells and the content of cytokines in supernatant were detected by stimulating NKT cell lines in vitro with bone marrow derived DC loaded with glucose and lipid.
Two, 4 '' -dh-iGb3 can enhance the binding strength and stability between glycolipid and CD1d, glycolipid and NKT cell TCR.
QSAR software was used to simulate the spatial structure of glycolipid, CD1d molecule of antigen-presenting cells and TCR molecule of NKT cells on a computer. It was found that introducing HO into the saddle alcohol chain of iGb3 could form a hydrophobic bond, which could directly penetrate into the hydrophobic formation of CD1d molecule along with the existing HO in the original acyl chain. The affinity between the glycolipid and the amino acid Asp80 (C) on the C D1d molecule was enhanced by binding the sex antigen in the pocket, and the space position of the glycolipid binding to the amino acid Lys167 on the TCR molecule was changed from the one side of the glycolipid to the other side of the glycolipid by deoxidizing the glycolipid, so that the binding fraction between the glycolipid and the TCR was increased from 3.3 to 4.9, and the binding fraction between the glycoli The binding ability of 4''''-dh-iGb3 to TCR of NKT cells is that the modified 4'''-dh-iGb3 has stronger affinity to CD1d molecule of antigen-presenting cells and stability to TCR of NKT cells than that of iGb3.
3,4'''-dh-iGb3 up-regulates the phosphorylation of Th1 cytokine-related transcription factor STAT1 and the expression of T-bet
After intraperitoneal injection of iGb3 and its analogues into C57BL/6 mice or stimulation of NKT cell lines in vitro, the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokine-related transcription factors regulated by NKT cells was observed. Compared with iGb3, 4'''-dh-iGb3 could up-regulate the phosphorylation of STAT1 and T-bet of Th1 cytokines produced by NKT cells. The phosphorylation of STAT6 and the expression of GATA-3, which regulate the production of Th2 cytokines, were not significantly different.
Conclusion (1) iGb3 analogue 4'''-dh-iGb3 can induce the predominant secretion of Th1 cytokines IFN-gamma. (2) 4''-dh-iGb3 can enhance the stability and affinity between glucose and lipid and TCR of NKT cells, thereby promoting the activation of NKT cells and the secretion of Th1 cytokines. The phosphorylation of STAT1 and the expression of T-bet, which control the differentiation of Th1/Th2, promote the expression and secretion of IFN-gamma in NKT cells. (4) 4'''-dh-iGb3 can be used as a new immunopotentiator in the treatment of tumor and infectious diseases.
【学位授予单位】:山东省医学科学院
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2009
【分类号】:R392
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