农村地区PLWHA社区心理支持应用研究
发布时间：2018-11-28 12:52
【摘要】： 目的通过对农村地区PLWHA(People living with HIV/AIDS,艾滋病病毒感染者及病人)心理健康状况进行评估,编写《农村地区PLWHA心理支持培训手册》,对PLWHA及其心理支持人员进行培训,开展互助小组活动并全程摄像,制作《PLWHA心理支持互助小组活动指南》光盘,为农村地区PLWHA心理支持工作提供借鉴。 方法采用一般状况问卷、社会支持量表(SSS)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对60名PLWHA进行问卷调查和评定,并对部分PLWHA及心理支持人员进行个人访谈。根据访谈结果和专家咨询意见,完善编写《农村地区PLWHA心理支持培训手册》,应用手册对60名PLWHA及19名心理支持人员进行培训,由培训合格的心理支持人员对PLWHA进行个体心理支持,组织PLWHA开展互助小组活动并全程摄像制作《PLWHA心理支持互助小组活动指南》光盘,心理支持干预后对效果进行评价。 结果(1)症状自评量表测试60名PLWHA的躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、忧郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、精神病症分数明显高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P0.001);(2)社会支持量表测试60名PLWHA的支持总分与SCL-90抑郁、偏执因子分呈负相关,主观支持与SCL-90总分、总均分、阳性项目数、抑郁和精神病性因子分呈负相关;(3)家庭经济困难、子女上学/工作/婚姻、身体健康、住房、社会歧视是PLWHA心理压力的主要来源;(4)应用《农村地区PLWHA心理支持培训手册》对心理支持人员进行培训,使学员掌握一定的心理支持知识和技能,培训前后考核得分有显著差异(t=-7.442,P0.01);(5)试点干预后,PLWHA社会支持水平有所提高(t=-3.088,P0.01),症状自评量表中各因子分较前都有所降低(P0.01),心理健康状况得到有效改善。 结论应用《农村地区PLWHA心理支持培训手册》培训心理支持人员、由心理支持人员对PLWHA进行个体心理支持;以《PLWHA心理支持互助小组活动指南》光盘为指导,组织PLWHA开展互助小组活动、增加病人社会支持等一系列心理支持措施和方法,可以有效缓解病人心理情绪障碍,改善心理健康状况。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the mental health status of PLWHA (People living with HIV/AIDS, HIV infected persons and patients in rural areas, compile the PLWHA psychological support training manual in rural areas, and train PLWHA and its psychological support personnel. In order to provide reference for the psychological support work of PLWHA in rural areas, the CD of "PLWHA Psychological support Group activity Guide" was produced by developing mutual help group activities and taking a video of the whole process. Methods A total of 60 PLWHA patients were investigated by general status questionnaire, social support scale (SSS) and symptom Checklist (SCL-90), and some of the PLWHA and psychological support staff were interviewed. According to the results of interviews and expert advice, the training manual of PLWHA psychological support in rural areas was compiled, and 60 PLWHA and 19 psychological support personnel were trained by the manual. PLWHA was given individual psychological support by qualified psychological support personnel, PLWHA was organized to carry out mutual help group activities, and the CD of PLWHA psychological support group activity guide was made. The effect was evaluated after psychological support intervention. Results (1) the scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia and psychosis in 60 PLWHA patients were significantly higher than those in the national norm (P0.001). (2) the total score of PLWHA was negatively correlated with the depression of SCL-90, and the score of paranoid ideation was negatively correlated with the total score of SCL-90, the total mean score, the number of positive items, and the scores of depression and psychotic factors. (3) Family financial difficulties, children's schooling / work / marriage, physical health, housing and social discrimination are the main sources of PLWHA psychological stress; (4) applying the "PLWHA Psychological support training Manual in Rural areas" to train the psychological support personnel, so that the students can master certain psychological support knowledge and skills, there is significant difference in the assessment scores before and after the training (t = -7.442, P0.01); (5) after the pilot intervention, the social support level of PLWHA was improved (t: 3.088, P0.01), the factor scores of SCL-90 were lower than before (P0.01), and the mental health status was improved effectively. Conclusion the training manual of PLWHA psychological support in rural areas was used to train the psychological support personnel, and the individual psychological support for PLWHA was carried out by the psychological support personnel. A series of psychological support measures and methods, such as PLWHA psychological support group activity guide, organizing PLWHA to carry out mutual aid group activities and increasing patients' social support, can effectively alleviate patients' psychological and emotional disorders. Improve mental health.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：R512.91;R395.5
本文编号：2362877
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the mental health status of PLWHA (People living with HIV/AIDS, HIV infected persons and patients in rural areas, compile the PLWHA psychological support training manual in rural areas, and train PLWHA and its psychological support personnel. In order to provide reference for the psychological support work of PLWHA in rural areas, the CD of "PLWHA Psychological support Group activity Guide" was produced by developing mutual help group activities and taking a video of the whole process. Methods A total of 60 PLWHA patients were investigated by general status questionnaire, social support scale (SSS) and symptom Checklist (SCL-90), and some of the PLWHA and psychological support staff were interviewed. According to the results of interviews and expert advice, the training manual of PLWHA psychological support in rural areas was compiled, and 60 PLWHA and 19 psychological support personnel were trained by the manual. PLWHA was given individual psychological support by qualified psychological support personnel, PLWHA was organized to carry out mutual help group activities, and the CD of PLWHA psychological support group activity guide was made. The effect was evaluated after psychological support intervention. Results (1) the scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia and psychosis in 60 PLWHA patients were significantly higher than those in the national norm (P0.001). (2) the total score of PLWHA was negatively correlated with the depression of SCL-90, and the score of paranoid ideation was negatively correlated with the total score of SCL-90, the total mean score, the number of positive items, and the scores of depression and psychotic factors. (3) Family financial difficulties, children's schooling / work / marriage, physical health, housing and social discrimination are the main sources of PLWHA psychological stress; (4) applying the "PLWHA Psychological support training Manual in Rural areas" to train the psychological support personnel, so that the students can master certain psychological support knowledge and skills, there is significant difference in the assessment scores before and after the training (t = -7.442, P0.01); (5) after the pilot intervention, the social support level of PLWHA was improved (t: 3.088, P0.01), the factor scores of SCL-90 were lower than before (P0.01), and the mental health status was improved effectively. Conclusion the training manual of PLWHA psychological support in rural areas was used to train the psychological support personnel, and the individual psychological support for PLWHA was carried out by the psychological support personnel. A series of psychological support measures and methods, such as PLWHA psychological support group activity guide, organizing PLWHA to carry out mutual aid group activities and increasing patients' social support, can effectively alleviate patients' psychological and emotional disorders. Improve mental health.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：R512.91;R395.5
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