空气细颗粒物暴露对人群DNA损伤的影响
发布时间：2018-12-13 01:39
【摘要】： 颗粒物是一种重要的空气污染物,它对人群健康的影响与其粒径大小、化学组成密切相关。颗粒物各组分中对健康危害最大的是细颗粒物即PM25,指空气动力学直径2.5μm的颗粒物。随着PM2.5对人群健康的危害被广泛认识,美国于1997年制定了PM2.5的大气质量标准：日均值65μg／m3,年均值15gg／m3,并于2006年将日均值下调至35μg／m3,其限制非常严格。我国1996年开始将PM10纳入大气卫生标准,而对PM2.5至今仍未制定相关大气卫生标准。不少学者认为颗粒物致DNA损伤的主要成分是重金属和多环芳烃等有机化合物。颗粒物的DNA损伤作用已经在许多动物实验和体外实验中得到了证实。近年来国外对于PM2.5致DNA损伤的人群研究也有所报道。但是在国内目前少有此类人群研究。 本次研究选取我国典型的PM2.5污染为煤烟与机动车尾气污染混合型的大城市上海,选择外勤交警作为高暴露组,研究在一般空气暴露水平下,PM2.5的高暴露人群与普通暴露人群DNA损伤程度,探索PM2.5致DNA损伤的内暴露和效应生物标志。 第一部分研究人群的PM25暴露情况。本研究分冬、夏两季进行,每季以个体采样器一次连续24h监测研究对象的PM2.5暴露情况。数据显示,冬夏两季高暴露组PM2.5暴露均显著高于低暴露组；冬季高暴露组和低暴露组PM2.5暴露分别是夏季的1.33倍和1.25倍,冬夏暴露差异显著。由于我国目前尚没有大气PM2.5浓度限值,以美国EPA1997年制定的PM2.5大气质量标准65μg／m3来衡量,冬季和夏季高暴露组分别超过标准0.78倍和0.34倍。虽然低暴露组冬季仅超标0.15倍,夏季略低于标准,但是若以EPA2006年的新标准35μg/m3来衡量,对照组超标0.7倍以上。因此可见,上海大气PM2.5污染仍然比较严重,特别是交警等市中心外勤高暴露人群,PM2.5暴露对健康的影响不容忽视。 目前研究表明,在PM2.5各组分中对DNA损伤影响最大的是重金属和PAHs两大类物质。1-OHP被认为是个体对PAHs暴露程度的生物监测指标,广泛用于人群的PAHs内暴露评价。PAHs在大气中是以固态颗粒的形式存在的,其中大部分存在于PM2.5中。本研究中,在冬夏两季,PM2.5日均个体暴露量与尿1-OHP浓度均有较好的线性相关关系,冬夏两季Pearson相关系数r分别为0.56和0.45(P0.05),结果显示,若无特殊PAHs暴露,可将个体尿1-OHP浓度作为PM2.5的内暴露生物标志。 第二部分研究人群DNA损伤情况及其与PM2.5暴露的关系。在本研究中,高暴露组外周血淋巴细胞彗尾率在冬夏两季分别为15.20%和12.64%,均显著高于低暴露组的彗尾率10.05%和7.83%(P0.05),并且细胞受损级别越高,两组差距越大。可见相对于低暴露组,高暴露组淋巴细胞不但DNA受损细胞数更多,受损细胞的DNA损伤程度也更高。冬夏两季高暴露组淋巴细胞OMT和DNA尾部含量均显著高于低暴露组,且两个指标呈良好的线性相关关系。OMT与影响因素多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,在校正年龄和工龄后,OMT随着PM2.5日均暴露浓度增加而增大。冬夏两季高暴露组外周血白细胞BPDE-DNA加合物均显著高于低暴露组。BPDE-DNA加合物与影响因素多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,在校正年龄和工龄后,PM25日均暴露浓度增加1μg／m3,BPDE-DNA加合物阳性OR为1.04(冬季)和1.03(夏季)。由以上结果可以得出,在目前上海PM2.5暴露情况下,高暴露人群外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤程度显著高于低暴露人群,如能采取有效措施降低大气PM2.5浓度将能有效地降低人群DNA损伤程度。 本次研究结果表明,外周血淋巴细胞彗星试验结果OMT可作为PM2.5致人群DNA损伤的效应生物标志,但是由于在平常致DNA损伤的因素较多,因此没有较好的特异性。若无特殊PAHs暴露,可将外周血白细胞BPDE-DNA加合物作为PM2.5致人群DNA损伤的效应生物标志。
[Abstract]:The particulate matter is an important air pollutant, and its influence on the population's health is closely related to its particle size and chemical composition. The most harmful to the health hazard in each component of the particulate matter is the fine particulate matter, PM25, which refers to the particulate matter of the aerodynamic diameter of 2.5. m As the harm of PM2.5 to the health of the population is widely recognized, the United States has established the air quality standard of PM2.5 in 1997: the daily average value is 65. mu. g/ m3, the annual average value is 15mg/ m3, and the daily average value is reduced to 35. m u.g/ m3 in 2006, and the restriction is very strict. The PM10 has been incorporated into the atmospheric health standard in 1996, and the relevant atmospheric health standards have not yet been established for PM2.5. Many scholars believe that the main components of the DNA damage caused by particulate matter are heavy metals and organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The DNA damage of particulate matter has been demonstrated in many animal experiments and in vitro experiments. In recent years, the study of the population of PM2.5-induced DNA damage has also been reported. However, there are few such population studies in the country. In this study, the typical PM2.5 pollution in China is selected as a large city in which soot and motor vehicle tail gas are polluted, and the field traffic police are selected as the high exposure group. The high exposed population of PM2.5 and the DNA damage of the general exposed population under the general air exposure level are studied. To investigate the internal exposure and effect of PM2.5-induced DNA damage Markings. The PM2 in the first part of the study population 5. The study was carried out in winter and summer, and the PM2 of the study object was monitored by the individual sampler at one time for 24h. 5. The data showed that the exposure of PM2.5 in the high-exposure group was significantly higher than that of the low-exposure group in winter and summer. The exposure of PM2.5 in the high-exposure group and the low-exposure group in winter was 1.33-fold and 1.25-fold in summer, respectively, and the winter-summer storm There is no significant difference in the exposure of PM2.5. The air quality of PM2.5 is 65. mu. g/ m3, which is developed in EPA1997 in the United States, and the high exposure group in winter and summer respectively exceeds the standard 0.78 times. 0. 34-fold. Although the low exposure group was only 0. 15-fold in winter, the summer was slightly lower than the standard, but when the new standard of EPA2006 was 35. m u.g/ m3, the control group exceeded the standard 0. over 7-fold. As a result, the pollution of PM2.5 in Shanghai is still serious, especially in the field of high-exposure, such as traffic police, and the exposure of PM2.5 to health The results of the present study show that the most important factors for DNA damage in the components of PM2.5 are heavy metals and PAHs. 1-OHP is considered to be the biological monitoring index of the exposure to PAHs, which is widely used in the population. The evaluation of exposure within the AHs. The PAHs are present in the atmosphere in the form of solid particles, most of which are stored In the present study, the daily individual exposure of PM2.5 and the concentration of 1-OHP in the first and second quarters of winter and summer had a good linear correlation, and the Pearson correlation coefficient r in winter and summer was 0.56 and 0.45 (P0.05). The results showed that the concentration of 1-OHP in the individual urine could be used as the PM2.5 in the absence of special PAHs exposure. Internal exposure biomarkers. The second part of the study population DNA damage and In this study, the tail rate of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in the high-exposure group was 15.20% and 12.64% in the winter and summer, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the low-exposure group by 10.05% and 7.83% (P0.05), and the cells were damaged. The higher the level, the greater the difference between the two groups. In winter and summer, the content of OMT and DNA in the high-exposure group was significantly higher than that of the low-exposure group, and the two fingers The results of multiple logistic regression analysis of OMT and influential factors showed that OMT was with PM2.5 after correction of age and length of service. Increased daily exposure concentration. BPDE-DNA in peripheral blood of high-exposure group in winter and summer The results of multiple logistic regression analysis of BPDE-DNA adducts and influential factors showed that the mean daily exposure concentration of PPDE-DNA increased by 1. m u.g/ m 3, and the positive OR of BPDE-DNA adduct was 1.04 (winter) after correction of age and length of service. The results show that the DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes in the high-exposed population is significantly higher than that of the low-exposed population in the current exposure of PM2.5 in Shanghai, and the concentration of PM2.5 can be effectively reduced by taking effective measures to reduce the concentration of PM2.5. The results of this study show that the OMT can be used as the biological marker of the DNA damage to the population of PM2.5, but the result of this study is the result of the DNA damage caused by the normal DNA damage. The BPDE-DNA adduct of the peripheral blood can be used as the PM2.5 in the absence of specific PAHs exposure.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R363
本文编号：2375632
[Abstract]:The particulate matter is an important air pollutant, and its influence on the population's health is closely related to its particle size and chemical composition. The most harmful to the health hazard in each component of the particulate matter is the fine particulate matter, PM25, which refers to the particulate matter of the aerodynamic diameter of 2.5. m As the harm of PM2.5 to the health of the population is widely recognized, the United States has established the air quality standard of PM2.5 in 1997: the daily average value is 65. mu. g/ m3, the annual average value is 15mg/ m3, and the daily average value is reduced to 35. m u.g/ m3 in 2006, and the restriction is very strict. The PM10 has been incorporated into the atmospheric health standard in 1996, and the relevant atmospheric health standards have not yet been established for PM2.5. Many scholars believe that the main components of the DNA damage caused by particulate matter are heavy metals and organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The DNA damage of particulate matter has been demonstrated in many animal experiments and in vitro experiments. In recent years, the study of the population of PM2.5-induced DNA damage has also been reported. However, there are few such population studies in the country. In this study, the typical PM2.5 pollution in China is selected as a large city in which soot and motor vehicle tail gas are polluted, and the field traffic police are selected as the high exposure group. The high exposed population of PM2.5 and the DNA damage of the general exposed population under the general air exposure level are studied. To investigate the internal exposure and effect of PM2.5-induced DNA damage Markings. The PM2 in the first part of the study population 5. The study was carried out in winter and summer, and the PM2 of the study object was monitored by the individual sampler at one time for 24h. 5. The data showed that the exposure of PM2.5 in the high-exposure group was significantly higher than that of the low-exposure group in winter and summer. The exposure of PM2.5 in the high-exposure group and the low-exposure group in winter was 1.33-fold and 1.25-fold in summer, respectively, and the winter-summer storm There is no significant difference in the exposure of PM2.5. The air quality of PM2.5 is 65. mu. g/ m3, which is developed in EPA1997 in the United States, and the high exposure group in winter and summer respectively exceeds the standard 0.78 times. 0. 34-fold. Although the low exposure group was only 0. 15-fold in winter, the summer was slightly lower than the standard, but when the new standard of EPA2006 was 35. m u.g/ m3, the control group exceeded the standard 0. over 7-fold. As a result, the pollution of PM2.5 in Shanghai is still serious, especially in the field of high-exposure, such as traffic police, and the exposure of PM2.5 to health The results of the present study show that the most important factors for DNA damage in the components of PM2.5 are heavy metals and PAHs. 1-OHP is considered to be the biological monitoring index of the exposure to PAHs, which is widely used in the population. The evaluation of exposure within the AHs. The PAHs are present in the atmosphere in the form of solid particles, most of which are stored In the present study, the daily individual exposure of PM2.5 and the concentration of 1-OHP in the first and second quarters of winter and summer had a good linear correlation, and the Pearson correlation coefficient r in winter and summer was 0.56 and 0.45 (P0.05). The results showed that the concentration of 1-OHP in the individual urine could be used as the PM2.5 in the absence of special PAHs exposure. Internal exposure biomarkers. The second part of the study population DNA damage and In this study, the tail rate of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in the high-exposure group was 15.20% and 12.64% in the winter and summer, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the low-exposure group by 10.05% and 7.83% (P0.05), and the cells were damaged. The higher the level, the greater the difference between the two groups. In winter and summer, the content of OMT and DNA in the high-exposure group was significantly higher than that of the low-exposure group, and the two fingers The results of multiple logistic regression analysis of OMT and influential factors showed that OMT was with PM2.5 after correction of age and length of service. Increased daily exposure concentration. BPDE-DNA in peripheral blood of high-exposure group in winter and summer The results of multiple logistic regression analysis of BPDE-DNA adducts and influential factors showed that the mean daily exposure concentration of PPDE-DNA increased by 1. m u.g/ m 3, and the positive OR of BPDE-DNA adduct was 1.04 (winter) after correction of age and length of service. The results show that the DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes in the high-exposed population is significantly higher than that of the low-exposed population in the current exposure of PM2.5 in Shanghai, and the concentration of PM2.5 can be effectively reduced by taking effective measures to reduce the concentration of PM2.5. The results of this study show that the OMT can be used as the biological marker of the DNA damage to the population of PM2.5, but the result of this study is the result of the DNA damage caused by the normal DNA damage. The BPDE-DNA adduct of the peripheral blood can be used as the PM2.5 in the absence of specific PAHs exposure.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R363
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