初中数学课堂教学中促进学生主体性发挥的策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 01:51

本文关键词： 数学教学主体性教学策略　出处：《信阳师范学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：主体教育诣在培养学生的主体性,主体性越强的学生创新意识和实践能力越强。现代社会要求人不仅要掌握科技文化知识,而且要有独立自主性、主动性和开拓创新性,发挥人的主体性成为现代教育的重要特征。数学作为义务教育阶段的一门重要学科,在教学中必须把培养学生的主体性放在重要地位。近年来,随着城镇化进程的加快,农村中学在不断萎缩,学生文化基础一般都比较差,数学的高度抽象性,更使学生望而生畏,也给数学教学带来极大困惑。所以,在数学学习中要激发学生的主体意识,培养学生主体参与能力,使学生主体性得到充分发挥,这不仅有利于提高课堂教学效率,更重要的是提高学生的自主性、主动性和创造性,有利于学生的全面发展。本文探究学生在数学课堂教学中主体性发挥情况、分析其存在问题基础上,建构促进学生主体性发挥的课堂教学策略。为此,结合相关理论研究和工作实践,编制了关于学生在数学课堂教学中主体性发挥情况的调查问卷,对笔者任教的初中八年级全体学生进行了问卷调查,调查结果分析发现数学课堂教学中学生主体性发挥存在以下问题:(1)学生的自主性不强。主要表现在学生自觉主动学习的意识不高,缺乏自主学习能力;缺乏自我监控意识;不会反思自己的数学学习。(2)学生的主动性不高。主要表现在学生课堂上不爱思考,不积极回答问题;小组讨论时不能积极参与,合作意识不强。(3)学生缺乏创造性。主要表现在缺乏创新意识,提不出自己的观点;做题不会灵活运用,举一反三。针对数学课堂教学中学生主体性发挥存在的问题,提出相应的教学策略。培养学生自主性的策略:激发学生学习数学的兴趣;指导学习方法;开展反思教学。培养学生主动性的策略:营造和谐的教学氛围;创设有效的问题情境;倡导有利于学生主体参与的学习方式。培养学生创造性的策略:处理好预设与生成的关系;开展变式教学。
[Abstract]:The main education aims at cultivating students' subjectivity, subjectivity is strong students innovation consciousness and practice ability is stronger. In modern society, people not only to master the scientific and cultural knowledge, but also have independent, initiative and innovation, play the subjectivity of the people has become an important feature of modern education. Mathematics as a an important subject in the stage of compulsory education, in the teaching must cultivate students' subjectivity in an important position. In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, the rural middle school students' cultural foundation in shrinking, are generally relatively poor, a high level of abstraction in mathematics, make students more daunting, also bring great confusion to mathematics teaching so, to stimulate students' learning in mathematics subject consciousness, cultivate students' participation ability, make the students subjectivity into full play, this is not only conducive to improving the efficiency of classroom teaching is more important To improve students' autonomy, initiative and creativity, is conducive to all-round development of students. This paper explores the students in mathematics classroom teaching play situation, analyze the problems on the basis of the construction of classroom teaching strategies to promote students' subjectivity. Therefore, combined with the theory research and practice, the a student in the mathematics classroom teaching subjectivity situation questionnaire, all of the at grade eight of the junior high school students conducted a questionnaire survey, the survey results analysis found that the subjectivity of students in mathematics classroom teaching to play the following problems: (1) the autonomy of the students is not strong. The main performance is not high in the students' consciousness of active learning the lack of awareness and ability of autonomous learning; lack of self-control consciousness; will not reflect on their mathematics learning. (2) the initiative of students is not high. Mainly in the students love the classroom Thinking, do not actively answer questions; team can not participate in the positive discussion, cooperation consciousness is not strong. (3) students are lack of creativity. Mainly manifested in the lack of awareness of innovation, not to mention their views; do not use flexibly, replicability. In middle school mathematics classroom teaching play subjectivity problems, put forward the corresponding teaching strategies the cultivation of students' autonomy. Strategies to stimulate students interest in learning mathematics; learning methods; to carry out reflective teaching. Students' initiative strategy: to create a harmonious atmosphere of teaching; situational effective problem; advocate in favor of the students' participation in learning. The cultivation of students' creative strategies: handle the relationship between presupposition and generation; carry out teaching.

【学位授予单位】：信阳师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.6

【参考文献】