王守仁教育思想在高中历史教学中的运用

发布时间：2018-03-09 07:16

本文选题：王守仁　切入点：教育思想　出处：《广西师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：王守仁(1472年—1529年),我国明代著名的政治家、思想家和教育家。他创立的道德教育、知行合一、责善、改过等教育思想名扬千古,不仅在古代,还是在现代,都影响深远。作为“心学”的集大成者,王守仁的教育思想自成一体,注重从“心”出发,强化学生的素质培养、情感培育,强化学生对人生、对知识的体悟,通过体悟去获得知识、去指导实践,对学生的综合素质培养和内心潜能开发具有重要意义。我国实施新课程改革后,强调对学生实施素质教育,教学过程中不仅注重学生知识的习得,还注重学生养成相应的情感、道德品质,强调学生的德、智、体、美等方面的全面发展。众所周知,良好的素质养成关键是在于对心灵的培养,并通过我们的行为活动表现出来,学校教育就是我们强化素质教育的重要手段。在这一点上,新课程改革理念和王守仁的教育思想是一致的。在当今我们的学校教育中,历史课是必不可少的,是我们贯彻落实我国的教育方针、实施素质教育的一门重要课程。但是,历史课的教学内容作为一个过去式,无法重现在学生面前,教师也无法带领学生亲自去体验,这在一定程度加大了历史教师开展历史教育的难度。如何上好历史课,让学生领会史料蕴含的道德、情感、价值观等内容,培养德智体美全面发展的学生,是摆在每一个历史教师面前的关键问题。文章主要分三部分：第一部分,笔者先对王守仁的教育思想进行深入分析,将王守仁倡导的德育、知行合一、责善、改过等教育内容和自家解化法、内心体悟法、讨论体会法等教学方法进行总体描述和概括,掌握其教育思想的精髓,并紧密结合新课程改革的理念和内容,研究两者相契合之处,探索出将王守仁教育思想运用到高中历史教育中的价值。第二部分,笔者侧重以王守仁的教育思想为指导,结合教学过程,设计了9个生动的教学案例将王守仁的教学内容、教学方法运用到高中历史教学实践中,案例充分发挥了学生的课堂主体作用,注重学生知识的习得和内心感悟,教师则发挥“引导者”作用,强化了师生对话,促进教学相长,并从学生的课堂行为或学习效果,以及课后评价中证明将王守仁教学思想运用到高中历史教育是可行的,而且是行之有效的,对学生的道德养成和知识获得具有很大的促进作用。第三部分,笔者对将王守仁教育思想运用到高中历史教学过程中的教学实践进行反思,在看到良好的教学效果的同时,发现并分析其存在问题,提出一些改进的意见和建议,为笔者更好的开展历史教学活动提供借鉴,也为广大高中历史教师深入推进高中历史新课程改革提供一些参考。
[Abstract]:Wang Shouren (1472-1529) is a famous statesman, thinker and educator of Ming Dynasty in China. His educational thoughts, such as moral education, integration of knowledge and action, responsibility and goodness, reform and so on, have been famous for ever since ancient times, not only in ancient times, but also in modern times. Wang Shouren's educational thought is self-made, focusing on starting from the "heart", strengthening students' quality training, emotional cultivation, and strengthening students' understanding of life and knowledge. It is of great significance for students to cultivate their comprehensive quality and develop their inner potential through understanding to acquire knowledge and to guide practice. After the implementation of the new curriculum reform in China, the emphasis is placed on the implementation of quality education for students. In the process of teaching, we pay attention not only to the acquisition of students' knowledge, but also to the cultivation of their corresponding emotional and moral qualities, as well as the all-round development of students' moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic aspects. The key to good quality cultivation lies in the cultivation of the mind and through our behavior. School education is an important means for us to strengthen quality education. The concept of the new curriculum reform is consistent with Wang Shouren's educational thinking. In our school education today, history is indispensable and an important course for us to carry out our educational policy and implement quality education. As a past tense, the teaching content of history course can not be reproduced in front of students, nor can teachers lead students to experience it in person, which to a certain extent increases the difficulty for history teachers to carry out history education. It is the key problem for every history teacher to understand the moral, emotional and value contents of the historical materials and to train the students with the all-round development of morality, intelligence, body and beauty. The article is divided into three parts: the first part, The author analyzes Wang Shouren's educational thought deeply, and describes and generalizes the educational contents of Wang Shouren's education, such as moral education, integration of knowledge and practice, responsibility and goodness, reform, and his own solution, inner understanding, discussion and experience, etc. Grasp the essence of his educational thought, closely combine the concept and content of the new curriculum reform, study the coincidence of the two, explore the value of applying Wang Shouren's educational thought to the history education of high school. Under the guidance of Wang Shouren's educational thought and combining with the teaching process, the author designs nine vivid teaching cases to apply Wang Shouren's teaching contents and teaching methods to the history teaching practice of senior high school. Cases give full play to the main role of the students in the classroom, pay attention to the acquisition of students' knowledge and inner perception, while the teachers play the role of "guide", strengthen the dialogue between teachers and students, promote the mutual teaching, and from the students' classroom behavior or learning effect, And the evaluation after class proves that the application of Wang Shouren's teaching thought to senior high school history education is feasible and effective, and it has a great role in promoting students' moral cultivation and knowledge acquisition. The author reflects on the application of Wang Shouren's educational thought to the teaching practice in the course of history teaching in senior high school, finds out and analyzes the existing problems while seeing the good teaching effect, and puts forward some suggestions and suggestions for improvement. For the author to better carry out history teaching activities to provide reference, but also for the majority of senior high school history teachers to promote the new curriculum reform of senior high school history to provide some reference.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.51

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