郑州市初中“大班额”体育课堂教学现状调查及对策分析

发布时间：2018-03-19 01:31

本文选题：郑州市　切入点：大班额　出处：《成都体育学院》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2016年教育部把体育课改革列为工作重点,决心要拿下这块“硬骨头”,让体育课回归正常,发挥育人健体的本能。2014年全国学生体质与健康调查结果显示城乡学生营养不良检测率进一步下降,中小学生身体素质呈现稳中向好发展趋势,但增长速度缓慢,高校学生体质健康状况甚至出现下降。郑州市目前在中部地区迅速崛起,城市影响力不断提高。随之而来的就是外来人口增加,政府必须保障义务教育阶段学生入学情况,所以学校在招生规模上不断扩大,导致学生数量急剧上升,造成课堂“大班额”现象。“大班额”教学与“小班额”教学相比,在管理难度、安全等问题上存在一定区别,体育课堂教学与其它课堂教学也存在一定差异,而初中学生正处于身心发展的“敏感期”,所以对课堂教学的要求更加严格。初中体育课堂肩负着“承上启下”的教学重任,对增强学生体质健康和塑造良好人格品质有着不可替代作用。本文以郑州市初中存在“大班额”体育课堂教学现象的学校为调查对象,使用问卷调查法、访谈法、文献资料法等研究方法,对学校体育教师以及学生进行问卷调查,采用随机分层抽样调查法对郑州市二十所初中学校进行调查。与体育教师、学生进行交流访谈,对学校场地进行实地调查,最后对郑州市初中“大班额”学校体育课堂教学现状进行分析总结,提出相关建议。研究结果显示:(1)郑州市初中“大班额”体育课堂教学现象普遍存在,重点学校大多数学生人数达到70人左右,体育教师进行课堂管理、教学相关工作难度大,课堂教学存在一定安全风险。(2)体育教师在教学内容选择中常以考试项目为主,这一做法不利于学生运动兴趣的培养和运动能力的全面发展。在“大班额”教学环境下使用合作教学方法少,体育教师要加强教学方法和教学模式的创新;教师在学生心理方面关注力度欠缺,特别是学生上课心理情绪的变化。(3)体育教师师资结构合理,教师学历水平也达到教学的要求,但高学历、高职称教师数量少;对现有教师培训力度还需要加强,加强教师间交流实现资源优化配置。(4)教师安全意识高,但是学生重视程度有待加强;在准备活动方面教师要进行严格监督管理,避免运动损伤。(5)学校场地、器材基础设施完善,但各种室内标准场馆欠缺,现有室内场馆学校对学生开放率低,影响学生体育活动,使得学生降低对体育的兴趣。
[Abstract]:In 2016, the Ministry of Education made the reform of physical education a priority of its work. It was determined to take this "hard bone" and return the class to normal. In 2014, the results of the National Survey of students' physique and Health showed that the rate of malnutrition detection among students in urban and rural areas further decreased, and the physical quality of primary and middle school students showed a steady and moderate trend of good development, but the growth rate was slow. The physical health status of college students has even declined. Zhengzhou City is now rising rapidly in the central region, and the city's influence is constantly increasing. With this, the foreign population is increasing, and the government must guarantee the enrolment of students in the compulsory education stage. As a result, the number of students has increased sharply, resulting in the phenomenon of "large class size" in the classroom. Compared with "small class size" teaching, there are certain differences in management difficulty, safety and other issues. There are some differences between physical education classroom teaching and other classroom teaching, and junior middle school students are in the sensitive period of physical and mental development, so the requirements of classroom teaching are more strict. It can not be substituted for enhancing students' physical health and shaping good personality quality. This paper takes the schools of Zhengzhou junior middle school with the phenomenon of "large class size" physical education teaching as the object of investigation, uses the method of questionnaire, interviews, etc. The methods of literature research, such as questionnaire survey on physical education teachers and students in schools, and random stratified sampling survey were used to investigate 20 junior middle schools in Zhengzhou, and to communicate with physical education teachers and students. Carry on the field investigation to the school site, finally carry on the analysis summary to the Zhengzhou junior middle school "big class quota" the school physical education classroom teaching present situation, The result of the study shows that the phenomenon of "large class size" physical education classroom teaching in junior middle school of Zhengzhou City is widespread. Most of the students in key schools have about 70 students. Physical education teachers have classroom management, and teaching related work is difficult. There is a certain safety risk in classroom teaching. This practice is not conducive to the cultivation of students' sports interests and the overall development of sports ability. Under the "large class" teaching environment, the use of cooperative teaching methods is less, and PE teachers should strengthen the innovation of teaching methods and teaching models. Teachers pay less attention to students' psychology, especially the change of students' psychological mood in class. 3) the structure of PE teachers is reasonable, and the level of teachers' academic qualifications is also up to the teaching requirements, but the number of teachers with high academic qualifications and high titles is small. It is necessary to strengthen the training of existing teachers, strengthen the communication among teachers to realize the optimal allocation of resources. 4) Teachers have a high sense of safety, but the degree of students' attention needs to be strengthened, and teachers should carry out strict supervision and management in the aspect of preparatory activities. Avoid sports injury. 5) the school site, equipment infrastructure is perfect, but all kinds of indoor standard stadiums are lacking, the open rate of the existing indoor gymnasiums and gymnasiums is low, which affects the students' sports activities and makes the students less interested in sports.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.96

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