七年级学生“字母表示数”意识的调查与研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 14:35

本文选题：七年级　切入点：字母表示数　出处：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：“字母表示数”是学生代数学习的入门知识,是学习方程和不等式等的重要基础,是由具体的数字计算向抽象的代数数学的过渡的开始。帮助学生建立起“字母表示数”的意识是为了促进学生更好的学习代数。本文对七年级的学生在“字母表示数”的学习过程中出现的问题,提出了教学策略,并通过一个学期的测试研究,验证了教学策略的有效性,并发现了一些不足。经过调查研究得出,多数学生还是处于用算术思维思考问题的阶段。而随着学习深入和思考的成熟,学生对这方面的认识有所改变,学生已经能够接受用字母表示数来回答和计算具体的问题,但是学生对字母表示数的具体意义和内涵仍然不能够表达清楚,这反映在学生在学习字母表示数时对概念的认知仍然存在误区。针对七年级学生的这个特点,笔者制定了帮助学生建立“过程性”理解的教学策略。经过一个学期对学生进行问卷调查并根据答题情况分析得出:学生对“字母表示数”意识的认知水平有了提高,更多的学生达到了关联结构水平,而能够达到扩展抽象结构水平的人数是以前的2倍。学生平均成绩有了很大的提升,能够提升书写规范,较好的理解题意并找到答题的思路。结果说明,研究中针对“字母表示数”这一课题实施的教学策略是行之有效的,同时也反映了当前数学教育存在的一些问题。建议在数学教学中尽量加强算术和代数之间的联系,从而促使学生的数学阅读理解能力提高,加强学生创造性的培养,增加师生间的互动,使七年级学生更好的建立起代数思维。
[Abstract]:"letter representation number" is the elementary knowledge of students' algebraic learning, the important basis of learning equations and inequalities, and the beginning of the transition from concrete numerical calculation to abstract algebraic mathematics.Helping students develop a sense of "alphabetic numerals" is intended to promote better algebra learning.In this paper, the author puts forward the teaching strategy for the students of grade 7 in the process of learning "letter representation number", and through a semester of test research, verifies the effectiveness of the teaching strategy, and finds out some shortcomings.Through investigation and research, most students are still in the stage of thinking with arithmetic thinking.And with the maturity of learning and thinking, students' understanding of this aspect has changed, and students have been able to accept letters to answer and calculate specific questions.However, the students still can not express the concrete meaning and connotation of the letter number, which is reflected in the misunderstanding of the concept when the students learn the letter representation number.According to this characteristic of the seventh grade students, the author formulates the teaching strategy to help the students establish the "process" understanding.After a semester of questionnaire survey and analysis of the answers, it is concluded that the cognitive level of students' awareness of "alphabetic number" has been improved, and more students have reached the level of association structure.The number of people who can reach the level of extended abstract structures is twice as large as before.The average score of the students has been greatly improved, which can improve the writing standard, understand the meaning of the questions and find the way to answer the questions.The results show that the teaching strategy implemented in this paper is effective, and it also reflects some problems in mathematics education.It is suggested that the relationship between arithmetic and algebra should be strengthened in mathematics teaching so as to promote the students' ability of reading comprehension, strengthen the cultivation of students' creativity, and increase the interaction between teachers and students.So that the seventh grade students better set up algebraic thinking.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.6

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