PISA数学素养测试与中考数学试题的比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 12:10

本文选题：PISA测试 + 数学素养　；参考：《南京师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中考是我国义务教育阶段最重要的考试,既是对学生阶段性学习的评价,也为后续学习起着甄别和选拔的作用.因此,对中考命题进行研究对我国数学教育改革具有重要意义.PISA测试作为国际大型可比测试,测试的理念、框架、内容、评价方法对数学教育具有极大的前瞻性.本文通过对两种测试进行比较,结合我国国情,探索利用纸笔测试检测学生数学素养的命题思路,也为中考数学教育的改革提供一点线索和思路.在梳理PISA测试与中学数学命题相关研究的基础上,借鉴已有研究,以PISA2012与南京市中考2016测试为例,对两者的测试框架和题目进行分析,其中,测试框架包括问题情境、测试内容、数学过程、试卷结构、评分系统等方面,题目根据SEC方法分为内容维度和认知维度两方面,并进行一致性分析,然后选取各认知维度具体试题进行分析,得到几点结论:1.PISA测试更关注学生在真实情境中应用数学的能力,中考测试较少使用问题情境,且对情境做了数学化的处理;2.PISA测试涉及内容领域更广,且更关注与生活密切联系的领域,中考题测试是追求内容的完整性、结构性和数学化;3.PISA测试与南京市2016对数学过程中的能力分类都不够全面;4.中考试题对基础知识、基本技能要求较高,对高难度试题要求较少;5.PISA测试的评分系统更加科学,而中考题评分带有随意性.结合我国国情与数学教育的发展趋势,笔者对我国中学数学教育提出以下建议:1.把真实的有意义的情景置于试题和教学中;2.从单纯的知识测试向数学核心素养测试转型;3.考试形式向水平化方向发展;4.设立科学的评分系统.
[Abstract]:Secondary examination is the most important examination in compulsory education in our country. It is not only the evaluation of students' stage study, but also the function of screening and selection for follow-up study.Therefore, it is of great significance for the reform of mathematics education in our country to study the proposition of the middle school examination. PISA test is the concept, frame, content and evaluation method of international large-scale comparable test, which has great foresight for mathematics education.By comparing the two kinds of tests and combining the national conditions of our country, this paper explores the idea of using paper and pen tests to test students' mathematical literacy, which also provides some clues and ideas for the reform of mathematics education in the middle school entrance examination.On the basis of combing the related research of PISA test and mathematics proposition in middle school, and referring to the existing research, taking PISA2012 and Nanjing middle school test 2016 as an example, the paper analyzes the test framework and topics of them, among which, the test framework includes the problem situation.According to the SEC method, the subjects are divided into two aspects: content dimension and cognitive dimension, and the consistency analysis is carried out, and then the specific questions of each cognitive dimension are selected for analysis.The PISA test pays more attention to the students' ability to apply mathematics in the real situation, and the middle school test uses less problem situations, and makes a mathematical treatment of the situation. 2. PISA test involves a wider range of content areas.And pay more attention to the field which is closely related to life. The middle test is to pursue the integrity of content. 3. PISA test and Nanjing 2016 ability classification in mathematical process are not comprehensive enough. 4.The basic knowledge and basic skills of the middle school examination questions are very high, and the scoring system of the PISA test is more scientific than that of the high difficulty test questions, while the grade of the middle school examination questions is random.According to the situation of our country and the developing trend of mathematics education, the author puts forward the following suggestions: 1: 1 to middle school mathematics education in our country.Put the real and meaningful situation in the examination questions and teaching.From pure knowledge test to mathematics core literacy test transformation.Examination form to the level of the direction of development.Establish a scientific scoring system.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.6

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