人教版初中语文教科书中的科普文章选文研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 23:41

本文选题：语文教科书 + 科普文章　；参考：《中央民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：科学是人类认识世界的重要工具,是人类文化的重要组成部分,是标志文明的尺度,也是我们社会进步的力量。2015年10月5日,中国中医科学院研究员屠呦呦获得2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。这激励着我们要培育出更多的科学人才。2011年版义务教育语文课程标准中提到,语文课程应密切关注现代社会发展的需要,拓宽语文学习和运用的领域,注重跨学科的学习和现代技术手段的运用,使学生在不同内容和方法的相互交叉、渗透和整合中开阔视野,提高学习效率,初步养成现代社会所需要的语文素养。语文教科书中的科普文章既可以丰富知识、开阔眼界,更有助于学生体会求真求实的科学精神,养成观察思索的习惯。所以科普文章在语文教科书中是一个十分重要的组成部分。本研究主要对人教版初中语文教科书中的科普文章的选文进行探讨,通过将科普文章的选文做纵向对比,总结出20世纪90年代以来教科书中科普文章选文的变化及特点;从教育学中的建构主义、语文学科规律和与学生的适切性三方面进行分析,找出教科书在选文过程中的优点与瑕疵,并针对目前选文的不科学之处提出具有可行性的建议。在选文的纵向对比上,采用内容分析法,对义务教育法颁布后人民教育出版社1992-1995年版、2000-2001年版、2003-2013年版三套全国通用的义务教育初中语文教材进行纵向对比,发现教科书中科普文章变化有数量恒定,内容变化较大,涉及到的知识面越来越广、视野越来越开阔、形式越来越丰富等特点。然后对现今所使用的人教版初中语文教科书选文的科学性与实用性进行分析,发现当前使用的教科书中的科普文章选文存在内容安排不均匀、选文缺乏社会性和情景性、与学生已有认知相脱离等问题。据此,提出各方面知识平均分配、选取与学生生活更加贴近的科普文章、与其他学科相结合,考虑与其他学科相结合三条建议。期待通过本文使大家更加了解人教版教科书中科普文章选文的历史变迁和存在的问题,期望对教材编写者有所帮助,使科普文章的选文更加实用和科学。
[Abstract]:Science is an important tool for human understanding of the world, an important part of human culture, a yardstick of civilization, and a force for the progress of our society. Tu Youyou, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of traditional Chinese Medicine, won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. This encourages us to cultivate more scientific talents. In the 2011 version of the compulsory education language curriculum standards, it is mentioned that the Chinese curriculum should pay close attention to the needs of the development of modern society and broaden the field of language learning and application. Pay attention to interdisciplinary learning and the application of modern technology means, so that students in the different contents and methods of mutual intersection, infiltration and integration of the wide field of vision, improve learning efficiency, the initial cultivation of the modern society required Chinese literacy. The popular science articles in Chinese textbooks can not only enrich knowledge, broaden their horizons, but also help students understand the scientific spirit of seeking truth and truth and form the habit of observing and thinking. Therefore, popular science articles in Chinese textbooks is a very important component. This study mainly discusses the selection of popular science articles in junior middle school Chinese textbooks, and summarizes the changes and characteristics of popular science articles in textbooks since the 1990s by making a longitudinal comparison of the selection of popular science articles; This paper analyzes the constructivism, the law of Chinese subject and the suitability of the students in pedagogy, finds out the advantages and defects of the textbook in the course of selecting the text, and puts forward some feasible suggestions for the unscientific aspects of the selection of the text at present. In the vertical comparison of the selected articles, this paper adopts the content analysis method to make a longitudinal comparison of the three sets of compulsory education junior high school Chinese teaching materials commonly used in the whole country after the promulgation of the compulsory Education Law by the people's Education Press (1992-1995) and the 2000-2001 edition (2003-2013). It is found that the number of popular science articles in textbooks is constant, the content is changing more and more, the knowledge involved is more and more extensive, the field of vision is more and more open, the forms are more and more abundant and so on. Then it analyzes the scientificity and practicability of the selection of Chinese textbooks in junior middle school, and finds out that the selection of popular science articles in the current textbooks is not even in content arrangement, and the selection lacks of sociality and situational. Problems such as dissociation from students' existing cognition. On the basis of this, this paper puts forward three suggestions on the equal distribution of knowledge in all aspects, the selection of popular science articles which are closer to the students' life, the combination with other subjects, and the consideration of three suggestions for combining with other subjects. It is hoped that through this article we can understand more about the historical changes and problems existing in the selection of popular science articles in the textbooks of popular science, and hope that it will be helpful to the textbook writers and make the selection of popular science articles more practical and scientific.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3

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