高中物理力学实验教学设计研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 13:55

本文选题：高中物理 + 力学实验　；参考：《重庆师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：最近几年,为了有效的提高学生们的综合素质,我国对之前的教学课程进行了深化改革,其中对于中学物理实验的要求逐渐提高。正是基于这样的视角,本文选取人教版高中物理必修1、必修2和选修3-5中的力学实验为教学设计课题内容,在研究的过程中运用了物理课程标准、建构主义、实用主义教育学、认知发现学习理论、合作教育学理论,并结合高中考试的相关大纲要求,采用现代化的教学理念对其中的内容进行了较为系统的设计。在设计的过程中时刻将全面提高学生科学素养作为目标,将理论与实践良好的结合在一起进行设计,并通过难能可贵的实习机会对本文的研究成果进行了实践调研和分析。本研究在进行的过程中分别使用了文献综述法、问卷调查法以及行动研究法,力求能够最大限度的了解实践效果,从而对其有效性进行针对性的研究。在调研中发现当前中学的实验教学比较模式化、机械化,尽管有较强的实用性,但是知识点系统化缺乏以及对学生能力的培养程度不够。同时许多教师针对同一教学内容用同一种教学模式面向全体学生,这不利于学生能力的培养和科学素养的提高。本研究在内容方向上从力学到力学实验的转变,在模式上实现从物理课堂教学到物理实验教学的转变,在形式上由课堂教学设计转向实验教学设计。笔者在设计的过程中时刻从教材出发,将课本中的力学实验作为一个整体,采用系统化的方法进行设计。同时本研究还结合了新课程标准中的内容,对其中的教学内容进行了科学分析,从三个维度制定了目标,并选择了六个实验进行系统性的设计。这种思想主要是一种分解的思想,将一个一级课题分解成为了六个二级课题,并对经过分解之后的子课题进行了针对性的研究,对其中的教学案例有选择性、针对性的进行实施与评价;根据教学设计的相关要求对如何培养学生们的教学素质进行了研究,提出了有效提高学生们科学素养的四种方式。力学的实验教学设计研究表明:如果能够使用良好的教学方式的话,将对学生们学习兴趣的激发起到十分良好的作用,能够帮助他们更好的理解课本中的知识点。同时还能帮助他们提高自身的课堂学习效率,从根本上对教学质量以及科学素养的提高有着十分大的帮助作用。教学设计研究为后续研究电学、热学、光学的实验教学设计提供思路和一些参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in order to improve the students' comprehensive quality effectively, our country has carried on the deepening reform to the previous teaching curriculum, among which the request for the physics experiment in the middle school has been raised gradually. It is based on this angle of view, this article chooses the mechanics experiment in the person education edition senior high school physics compulsory 1, the compulsory 2 and the elective 3-5 as the teaching design subject content, has applied the physics curriculum standard, the constructivism, the pragmatism pedagogy in the research process, Cognitive discovery learning theory, cooperative pedagogy theory, combined with the requirements of the relevant syllabus of the senior high school examination, the content of which is systematically designed with the modern teaching concept. In the process of design, the goal of improving students' scientific literacy is always taken as the goal, the theory and practice are well combined to design, and the research results of this paper are investigated and analyzed through valuable practical opportunities. In the course of this study, literature review method, questionnaire survey method and action research method are used respectively, in order to maximize the understanding of the practical effect, so as to conduct targeted research on its effectiveness. In the investigation, it is found that the experimental teaching in middle school is more stylized and mechanized, although it has strong practicability, but the systematization of knowledge points is lacking and the training degree of students' ability is not enough. At the same time, many teachers use the same teaching mode for the same teaching content, which is not conducive to the cultivation of students' ability and the improvement of scientific literacy. This research changes from mechanics to mechanics experiment in content direction, realizes the transformation from physics classroom teaching to physics experiment teaching in the mode, and changes from classroom teaching design to experimental teaching design in form. In the process of design, the author takes the experiment of mechanics in the textbook as a whole and designs it systematically. At the same time, this study also combines the content of the new curriculum standard, and carries on the scientific analysis to the teaching content, from three dimensions has formulated the goal, and has selected six experiments to carry on the systematic design. This kind of thought is mainly a kind of decomposition thought, has decomposed a primary topic into six secondary projects, and has carried on the pertinence research to the subtopic after the decomposition, has the selectivity to the teaching case. According to the relevant requirements of teaching design, this paper studies how to cultivate students' teaching quality, and puts forward four ways to effectively improve students' scientific literacy. The experimental teaching design of mechanics shows that if we can use good teaching methods, it will play a very good role in arousing students' interest in learning and help them understand the knowledge points in textbooks better. At the same time, it can also help them to improve their classroom learning efficiency, which is of great help to the improvement of teaching quality and scientific literacy. The teaching design research provides some ideas and some references for the teaching design of electrical, thermal and optical experiments.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.7

【参考文献】