英语语音意识对初中生词汇短时记忆的有效性研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 07:07

本文选题：初中生 + 语音意识　；参考：《延安大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自语音意识的概念被提出以来,就一直被心理学和语言学领域的研究者广泛应用着。国外许多学者在研究英语语音意识与儿童阅读能力,单词拼读能力之间关系上取得了很多成果,认为英语语音意识可以预测或者影响儿童的英语阅读能力和单词拼读能力的发展。但国外的研究其被试对象主要是以英语为母语的儿童。近年来,国内一些学者把汉语为母语的儿童作为研究对象,研究中国儿童在学习英语的过程中,英语语音意识与阅读能力的关系,发现英语语音意识可以预测儿童的英语阅读水平。其中,关于探讨语音意识与词汇拼读、词汇短时记忆之间关系的研究还比较少。经一些研究发现,词汇短时记忆与词汇习得的内部加工都是以语音编码为基础的,其与语音意识有着密切的联系,但英语语音意识对于中国学生词汇短时记忆的有效性还需更多研究进行更加深入的探究。考虑到词汇学习对于中国学生的困难程度和重要性,本研究将探讨英语语音意识对初中生词汇短时记忆水平的有效性,以从语音意识的角度来提升和改善初中阶段英语词汇教学的方法与策略。作者将围绕三个研究问题展开讨论:第一,初中生的英语语音意识具有什么样的特点?第二,英语语音意识对于提高初中生词汇短时记忆水平是否有效?第三,英语语音意识的哪种成分最有效?针对上述研究问题,作者随机选取了陕西省榆林市定边县第三中学初二年级两个班级共64名同学作为研究对象,设定一个班为实验班,另一个班为对照班。本研究所使用的研究工具有英语语音意识测验和词汇短时记忆水平测验。其中英语语音意识测验包括了音节意识、首尾韵意识和音位意识三个部分的测验,词汇短时记忆水平测验包括了词汇再认测试和补笔测试两个部分。实验开始,作者首先对两个班同时进行了英语语音意识测验和词汇短时记忆水平测验,得到的结果是实验班、对照班的语音意识与词汇短时记忆水平并无显著性差异。在对实验班进行了为期六周的语音意识培训后,再次对两个班进行了语音意识和词汇短时记忆水平的测验,得到的结果是实验班的英语语音意识测验和词汇短时记忆水平测验的成绩都有了明显的提高,且二者相关性较高,而对照班的英语语音意识测验和词汇短时记忆水平测验的成绩并无明显变化。经过上述研究过程,作者得到以下几个主要结论:第一,初中生英语语音意识呈现出一定的特点,其中首尾韵意识由于在小学阶段已经得到了较成熟的发展,所以较音节意识和音位意识明显突出。而音节意识和音位意识亟待在日后的学习活动中得到进一步提高。第二,初中生的英语语音意识在经过培训后有明显提高,其词汇的短时记忆水平也相应地有所提升,也就是说英语语音意识对于提高初中生词汇短时记忆水平是有效的。英语教师应在日常教学中增加关于语音知识方面的内容,帮助学生提高词汇短时记忆的能力,进而提高英语词汇学习的效率。第三,音节意识对于提高初中生整体的英语语音意识具有重要的意义,对提升初中生的词汇短时记忆水平最为有效。
[Abstract]:Since the concept of speech consciousness has been put forward, it has been widely used by researchers in the field of psychology and linguistics. Many foreign scholars have made a lot of achievements in studying the relationship between English phonetic consciousness and children's reading ability and the ability to spell word. It is believed that English phonological awareness can predict or affect children's English reading. But in recent years, some domestic scholars have taken Chinese as a native language child as the research object. In recent years, some scholars have studied the relationship between Chinese children's English phonetic awareness and reading ability in the process of learning English, and find that English phonetic awareness can be found. In order to predict the English reading level of children, there are few studies on the relationship between phonological awareness and vocabulary spelling and short term memory. Some studies have found that the internal processing of short term memory and vocabulary acquisition is based on speech coding, which is closely related to phonological awareness, but English phonetics is intended. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of short term memory for Chinese students. Considering the difficulty and importance of vocabulary learning for Chinese students, this study will explore the effectiveness of English phonological awareness on the short-term memory level of junior high school students, in order to improve and improve the initial level of the vocabulary from the Perspective of phonological awareness. The methods and Strategies of English Vocabulary Teaching in the middle stage. The author will discuss three research questions: first, what are the characteristics of the English phonetic consciousness of junior high school students? Second, is English phonological awareness effective in improving junior middle school students' vocabulary short term memory level? Third, what is the most effective part of the English phonetic consciousness? In the study, the author randomly selected 64 class two classes in the second grade third middle school of Dingbian County, Yulin, Shaanxi Province as the research object, set one class as the experimental class and the other one as the control class. The research tools used in this study were English phonetic consciousness test and word vocabulary short-term memory level test. The test includes three parts of syllabic consciousness, first and end rhyme consciousness and phoneme consciousness. The vocabulary test of short-term memory level includes two parts: vocabulary recognition test and pen filling test. First, the author first conducted the English speech consciousness test and the vocabulary short memory test on the two classes, and the results were real. There was no significant difference in the level of phonological awareness and short term memory in the control class. After six weeks of speech awareness training in the experimental class, the two classes were tested again, and the results were the English phonological awareness test and the short term memory level in the experimental class. The results of the test have been significantly improved, and the correlation of the two is higher, while the results of the English phonological awareness test and the vocabulary short memory test in the control class have no significant changes. The author has obtained the following main conclusions: first, the English phonetic consciousness of junior high school students has some characteristics, of which the first and the end are the first. The awareness of syllables and the awareness of phonemes are obviously prominent. The syllabic consciousness and the awareness of phonemes need to be further improved in the learning activities in the future. Second, the English phonetic consciousness of junior high school students is obviously improved after training, and the short-term memory level of their vocabulary It is also promoted accordingly, that is, English phonetic awareness is effective in improving junior middle school students' short term memory level. English teachers should increase the content of phonetic knowledge in daily teaching, help students improve their ability to memorizing vocabulary, and then improve the efficiency of English vocabulary learning. Third, syllabic awareness is the best way to improve the efficiency of English vocabulary learning. It is of great significance to improve the overall English phonological awareness of junior high school students, and to enhance the short-term memory level of junior high school students.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.41

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