优化设计初中科学教材“体验与活动”栏目的实践研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 17:21

本文选题：初中科学教材 + “体验与活动”栏目　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：上海教育出版社出版的由庄起黎、沈荣祥主编的上海初中科学教材(试用本)中学生的各种学习活动主要以“体验与活动”栏目的形式呈现。由于教材中“体验与活动”栏目的编写非常简练、笼统,活动的操作性指向不是很明确,甚至有些活动的设计步骤也不够科学,给活动的实际开展带来了较大的障碍。鉴于此课题试图通过全样本调查初中科学(上教版)教材中“体验与活动”栏目在黄浦区各学校科学课堂中的开展现状,了解在利用本栏目开展课堂教学中存在的问题以及导致开展困难的具体原因,初步梳理了四册科学教材中361个“体验与活动”在教学中的实施情况。在此基础上对36个“体验与活动”进行优化设计。遵循学生活动的呈现形式要符合学生的年龄特征和认知规律、实验内容要按照由浅入深,由易到难,从简单到复杂的原则编写、实验步骤的设计要体现“绿色环保”的科学理念,帮助学生树立保护环境的意识等自然科学学科教材中学生活动的编写原则,本研究旨在提高该栏目的在教学中的针对性、科学性、合理性、有效性,使其内容的呈现方式更合理;增强其活动过程的操作性指导,便于教师的教学实践,从而为教师的课堂教学提供更有效的教学参考,也为学生的课堂活动提供更合理的学习素材。优化后的36个“体验与活动”经过两轮的教学实践,在教师的教学过程和学生的学习中都达到了非常好的效果,得到了一线教师和学生的普遍认可。
[Abstract]:The Shanghai Junior Middle School Science textbook (trial edition) published by Shanghai Education Publishing House and edited by Zhuang Qi Li and Shen Rongxiang is mainly presented in the form of "experience and activity" column. Because the compilation of "experience and activity" column in the textbook is very concise and general, the operational direction of the activity is not very clear, and even the design steps of some activities are not scientific enough, which brings great obstacles to the actual development of the activity. In view of the fact that this subject attempts to investigate the status quo of "experience and activities" in the teaching materials of junior high school science (education edition) in Huangpu district, In order to understand the problems existing in the classroom teaching and the specific reasons for the difficulties, this paper makes a preliminary analysis of the implementation of 361 "experiences and activities" in the teaching of four science textbooks. On this basis, 36 "experiences and activities" were optimized. Following the form of presentation of student activities should conform to the students' age characteristics and cognitive laws, and the experimental contents should be compiled according to the principles of "from simple to deep, from easy to difficult, from simple to complex". The design of the experimental steps should embody the scientific idea of "green environmental protection" and help students to establish the principles of compiling the activities of students in natural science subjects such as awareness of environmental protection. The purpose of this study is to improve the pertinence of the column in teaching. It is scientific, rational and effective to make the presentation of its contents more reasonable, to enhance the operational guidance of its activity process, to facilitate the teaching practice of teachers, and to provide a more effective teaching reference for teachers' classroom teaching. It also provides more reasonable learning materials for students' classroom activities. After two rounds of teaching practice, 36 "experiences and activities" have achieved very good results in the teaching process of teachers and students, and have been generally recognized by teachers and students.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.98

【参考文献】