高一学生数列解题错误的调查和分析

发布时间：2018-05-29 19:13

本文选题：数列学习 + 错误类型　；参考：《闽南师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：数列作为高中数学的一个重要知识点,一方面,与函数、方程、几何等知识有着密切的联系,是连接初等数学与高等数学的桥梁,又是众多数学思想方法的载体,在实际生活中有着广泛的应用;另一方面,数列能够很好地培养学生的观察、分析、归纳、猜想和推理能力,有效地提高学生提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力。由于数列这部分知识所涉及的概念、公式、性质较多,计算较复杂,导致学生在这部分知识的学习中经常出错。因此,本文通过问卷调查、测试、学生访谈、教师访谈等方法研究高一学生数列解题中的常见错误类型及其成因,旨在增强学生的防错意识,提高纠错能力。研究结果表明:(1)高一学生对数学解题错误的认识主要存在三方面的问题:(1)对错题不够重视;(2)过分依赖老师;(3)未能有效使用错题本。(2)高一学生在数列的相关概念、等差数列、等比数列、数列求和及其综合应用四个方面均存在常见的错误类型。出错的原因有认知原因和非认知原因两大方面,认知原因主要包括:知识理解不到位、逻辑混乱、思维受限制、缺少反思,非认知原因主要包括心理适应能力不足、局部成就心理、学习负迁移、不适当的学习动机。最后,在研究结论的基础上,本文针对学生在数列解题中的错误类型和原因,提出数列教学策略和正确利用学生“错误”的教学策略,以供参考。
[Abstract]:As an important knowledge point of high school mathematics, on the one hand, the sequence of numbers is closely related to the knowledge of functions, equations, geometry and so on. It is a bridge between elementary mathematics and higher mathematics, and also a carrier of many mathematical thought methods. On the other hand, the sequence of numbers can train students' ability of observation, analysis, induction, conjecture and reasoning, and effectively improve students' ability to raise, analyze and solve problems. Because of the concept, formula and complexity of calculation, the students often make mistakes in the learning of this part of knowledge. Therefore, through the methods of questionnaire, test, student interview and teacher interview, this paper studies the common error types and their causes in the number sequence problem solving of senior high school students, in order to enhance students' awareness of error prevention and improve their error-correcting ability. The results show that there are three main problems in the understanding of mathematical problem solving errors in Senior one students: (1) not paying enough attention to the wrong problems (2) relying too much on the teacher (3) failing to effectively use the wrong question book. 2) the related concepts of the number series, the equal difference series, among the first year students in senior high school. There are four common error types in equal-ratio sequence, summation of sequence and their comprehensive application. The causes of errors are cognitive reasons and non-cognitive reasons. Cognitive reasons mainly include: lack of understanding of knowledge, confusion of logic, limitation of thinking, lack of reflection, and non-cognitive reasons mainly include inadequate mental adaptability. Local achievement psychology, learning negative transfer, inappropriate learning motivation. Finally, on the basis of the conclusion of the study, aiming at the types and causes of students' errors in solving problems in the sequence of numbers, this paper puts forward the teaching strategies of the series of numbers and the teaching strategies of correctly utilizing the students'"mistakes" for reference.
【学位授予单位】：闽南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.6

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