人教版选修4《化学反应原理》实验栏目的使用调查研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 05:13

本文选题：化学教科书 + 实验栏目　；参考：《云南师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：新课标人教版选修4《化学反应原理》中设置了多样化的栏目。其中实验类型的栏目,就有实验、科学探究、实践活动、家庭小实验4种类型。使用教科书中实验栏目进行化学教学,其目的在于全面提高学生科学探究实验的能力,实践应用能力,激发学生的学科创新意识,发展学生的科学素养。教师怎样合理、有效的利用实验栏目,并能根据教学实际情况,学生的认知特点对相关实验栏目进行适度整合和改进,更好灵活运用教科书中的实验栏目,践行“用好教材”。本研究主要针对在高中化学教学中,人教版选修4《化学反应原理》实验栏目的使用现状。从五个部分进行阐述:第一部分,介绍了本次研究背景、意义、内容、研究思路和方法。第二部分,梳理人教版选修4《化学反应原理》实验栏目的理论基础。包括有:核心概念的界定;实验栏目的内容;特点;作用以及教学功能。第三部分,查阅大量的文献资料,整理归纳出国外、国内关于教科书中实验栏目使用的研究现状、成果等等,为本次研究的实施提供了宝贵的建议。第四部分,经过问卷调查、教师访谈,分析人教版选修4《化学反应原理》实验栏目的使用情况。发现存在的问题,有:学生动手实验的机会少;实验栏目的教学方式单一;教师设计的探究实验活动较少,对实验的研究、改进少。对问题进行了原因分析。还提出了使用教科书实验栏目的教学建议,有:改变化学实验的教学观念,加强教师化学实验技能;探索化学实验教学的有效方法,提高教师的指导技巧;加强教师的研究意识,争做“研究型”教师。第五部分,针对提出的教学建议,进行教学案例设计并实践研究。在教学设计中,设置了教学反思环节。将情境创设,实验改进,设计的意图,充分展示出来。最后,根据学生的实验能力测评和化学成绩的前测、中测及后测对本次实践研究效果做出测评,从而得出本次研究的结果。教学实践结果表明,利用教材中实验栏目的功能进行教学,可以提高学生动手实验能力的科学素养。还可以增强学生学习化学的兴趣,提高学生的主体学习意识。对学生化学成绩的提高也有一定的帮助。
[Abstract]:A variety of columns have been set up in the elective 4 Chemical reaction principles of the New Curriculum Standard. Among them, there are four types of experiment: experiment, scientific inquiry, practical activity and small family experiment. The purpose of chemistry teaching with experimental columns in textbooks is to improve students' ability of scientific inquiry experiment, practice and application, stimulate students' consciousness of subject innovation and develop students' scientific literacy. How to make use of the experimental column reasonably and effectively, and according to the actual situation of teaching, how to integrate and improve the relevant experimental column according to the students' cognitive characteristics, and how to use the experimental column in the textbook more flexibly and to practice "using the textbook well". This research mainly aims at the present situation of the experiment column of "Chemical reaction principle" in the teaching of chemistry in senior high school. The first part introduces the research background, significance, content, research ideas and methods. In the second part, the theoretical basis of the experimental column of "Chemical reaction principle" is summarized. Including: the definition of core concepts; the content of experimental columns; characteristics; role and teaching function. The third part, referring to a large number of literature materials, collate the foreign and domestic research on the use of experimental columns in textbooks, results, and so on, which provides valuable suggestions for the implementation of this study. The fourth part, through the questionnaire investigation, the teacher interview, analyzes the person education edition elective 4 "chemical reaction principle" experimental column use situation. The problems found are: less chance for students to do experiments; single teaching method for experimental columns; less inquiry experiment activities designed by teachers; less improvement for experimental research. The causes of the problem are analyzed. The author also puts forward some suggestions on how to use the experimental column of textbooks, such as changing the teaching concept of chemistry experiment, strengthening teachers' chemistry experiment skills, exploring the effective methods of chemistry experiment teaching and improving teachers' guiding skills. Strengthen teachers' research consciousness and strive to be "research-based" teachers. The fifth part, according to the teaching suggestion, carries on the teaching case design and the practice research. In the teaching design, the teaching reflection link is set up. Situation creation, experimental improvement, design intent, fully demonstrated. Finally, according to the test of students' experimental ability and the pre-test of chemical scores, the effect of this practical research is evaluated by the middle test and the post-test, and the results of this study are obtained. The result of teaching practice shows that the scientific accomplishment of students' ability of hands-on experiment can be improved by using the function of experimental column in teaching material. Can also enhance students' interest in learning chemistry, improve students' main learning consciousness. It is also helpful to the improvement of students' chemistry scores.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.8

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