高中物理高效课堂构建研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 08:59

本文选题：高中物理 + 高效课堂　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会的不断发展与变革对学校培养人才也提出了新的要求,教育也要适应时代、不断革新,不断开展课程改革势在必行,我国由于人口基数大的基本国情,“班级授课制”是我国学校教育的主要形式,所以教育改革应率先改革课堂,我国从2001年6月开始了新一轮的课程改革,教育部颁布了《基础教育课程改革刚要(试行)》,国内有部分中小学校在近几年不断的尝试新课程改革,但是课堂效率低下,教师课后给学生布置大量的练习、任务来弥补课堂效率不高的问题依然突出。高中物理在学生的学习过程中,经常反映出“难懂、难学、听不懂”的声音,由此可见学生在学习高中物理课程时出现了一些共性的问题。为了解决此问题,提高学生的学习的效率,部分学者与一线教学老师探索出了一些途径来解决此问题。最近四五年“高效课堂建设”逐渐走入部分中小学校,同时也是当前课程改革研究的热点。高效课堂的主旨思想是在课堂中让学生对知识灵活掌握,同时获取更多的技能、方法、思维,改变过去课堂以教师讲授为主学生课后学习巩固“先讲后学”的课堂模式,本文的研究将对普遍推进高中物理高效课堂建设有积极影响。本文根据当前国内外有关高效课堂建设的相关理论研究以及结合高中物理学科的特点展开研究,研究主要包括四方面：第一,分析国内中学课堂教学的基本现状,以及我国中学教育整体特征,提出建设高中物理高效课堂的必要性及意义。第二,通过研读国内外对本课题的研究成果,总结提炼构建高中物理高效课堂的理论支撑,以及分析该理论在高中物理高效课堂建设中的作用。第三,根据高效课堂评价标准和维度编写形成调查问卷,发放于研究对象,根据调查数据分析出当前高中物理课堂教学与高效课堂相比存在的不足和问题。第四,针对不足提出解决问题的方法与方案,并进行案例展示。本文研究取得的结论：第一,总结出高效课堂评价标准主要在于学生在课堂学习中的主动性、课堂活动参与度、课堂中对所学知识是否形成一定的实际应用能力。第二,笔者将问卷发放于实习学校的研究对象,处理调查问卷数据显示出,当前高中物理课堂中存在的问题主要有学生学习效率差、主动性不强、课堂参与度低,教师运用传统教学模式较为明显,学生对所学知识应用能力差等问题。第三,根据当前高中物理课堂存在的问题,笔者提出了解决办法：、通过教师编写课前预习学案逐渐培养学生学习的主动性,使学生带着问题、目标来到课堂；教师在课堂通过有效的提问、启发,提高学生课堂活动的参与度,以及创新能力的培养；通过教师编写导学案,使课堂教与学深度融合,改变以往“先教后学”传统课堂模式,提高学生对所学知识的实际应用能力。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and reform of society, new requirements are put forward for schools to train talents. Education should also adapt to the times, innovate constantly and carry out curriculum reform constantly. Because of the basic national conditions of large population base, it is imperative for our country to carry out continuous curriculum reform. "Class Teaching system" is the main form of school education in China. Therefore, education reform should take the lead in reforming the classroom. China began a new round of curriculum reform in June 2001. The Ministry of Education has promulgated the basic Education Curriculum Reform just now. In recent years, some primary and secondary schools in China have tried the new curriculum reform constantly, but the classroom efficiency is low, teachers give students a lot of practice after class. The problem of tasks to compensate for the inefficiency of the classroom is still prominent. High school physics often reflects the voice of "difficult to understand, difficult to learn, not to understand" in the course of students' study, which shows that students have some common problems in learning physics course in senior high school. In order to solve this problem and improve the efficiency of students' study, some scholars and teachers have explored some ways to solve the problem. In the last four or five years, "efficient classroom construction" has gradually entered some primary and secondary schools, and is also a hot spot in the current curriculum reform research. The main idea of efficient classroom is to let students master knowledge flexibly, at the same time acquire more skills, methods, thinking, and change the classroom mode of "speaking before learning". The research in this paper will have a positive impact on the general promotion of high school physics efficient classroom construction. According to the current domestic and foreign related theoretical research on efficient classroom construction and the characteristics of physics in senior high school, the research mainly includes four aspects: first, analyze the basic situation of classroom teaching in middle schools in China. As well as the overall characteristics of middle school education in our country, the necessity and significance of constructing high school physics efficient classroom are put forward. Second, through studying the domestic and foreign research results of this topic, summarize and refine the theoretical support of constructing high-efficiency high school physics classroom, and analyze the role of this theory in the high-efficiency classroom construction of senior high school physics. Third, according to the effective classroom evaluation criteria and dimensions to form a questionnaire, distributed to the study object, according to the survey data analysis of the current senior high school physics classroom teaching compared with efficient classroom deficiencies and problems. Fourth, put forward the method and scheme to solve the problem in view of the insufficiency, and carry on the case demonstration. The conclusions obtained in this paper are as follows: first, it is concluded that the criteria of effective classroom evaluation mainly lie in the students' initiative in classroom learning, the degree of participation in classroom activities, and whether the knowledge learned in the classroom forms a certain practical application ability. Secondly, the author distributes the questionnaire to the research object of the practice school, and processing the questionnaire data shows that the main problems existing in the physics classroom of senior high school are students' poor learning efficiency, low initiative and low participation in the classroom. It is obvious that teachers use traditional teaching mode and students have poor ability to apply what they have learned. Thirdly, according to the existing problems in the physics classroom of senior high school, the author puts forward the solution: to gradually cultivate the students' initiative of learning through the teacher's preparation of pre-class study plan, so that the students can come to the classroom with problems and goals. Through effective questioning and inspiration, teachers can improve the students' participation in classroom activities and cultivate their innovative ability, and through the teachers' writing of guiding plans, they can make the classroom teaching and learning deeply merge, and change the traditional classroom mode of "teaching first before learning". Improve the students' practical ability to apply what they have learned.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.7

【引证文献】