对武汉市中小学校园体操的探讨
发布时间：2018-07-30 06:36
【摘要】：体操在学校体育教学和体育运动开展中具有重要地位。长期以来,学校校园里的体操课、课外体操锻炼、体操竞赛等为提高我国学生的身心健康,增强身体素质起到了良好的促进作用,对增强人民体质产生了深刻的影响。校园体操是指在各级学校开展的体操课程、课外体操锻炼和体操竞赛。其内容既包括竞技体操中的单杠、双杠、跳箱、技巧等项目,也涵盖大体操中的艺术体操、健美操、啦啦操、体育舞蹈、排舞等项目。本文运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等,研究武汉市中小学校园体操的开展情况,把握目前武汉市中小学校园里有什么样的体操,体操活动有什么内容,缺乏什么样的体操,存在哪些问题,分析存在的问题,探寻武汉市中小学全面发展校园体操的办法,为使校园体操真正走进校园提供参考资料。通过全面分析得出的以下结论:1.目前武汉市中小学校园体操项目开展的内容最多的是徒手体操、队列队形和跳绳,而最具有体操特色的器械体操几乎为零,普遍存在缺失单杠、双杠、跳跃等器械项目。2.内容结构有待完善,上课内容过度偏向于基本体操、徒手操、跳绳等,对场地器械要求较高的体操内容开展不足。3.器械体操的胜任度不够,大部分教师都胜任不了器械体操的教学。武汉市中小学校园体操中的队列队形、徒手体操和跳绳的胜任度为100%,而器械体操的胜任度为23.2%,说明大部分教师都胜任不了器械体操的教学。其中小学有27.8%的教师可以胜任器械体操的教学;初中有23.6%的教师可以胜任器械体操的教学;高中的更少,只有19.6%的教师可以胜任。4.硬件设施情况参差不齐,武汉市中小学校园体操器械配备情况,器械拥有率最高的前三项为体操垫(小)、助跳板和山羊,分别占据69.0%、66.7%和58.9%。而拥有率最低的为平梯和体操垫(大),分别占据15.5%和7.7%。其中小学的器械拥有率最高的前三项为体操棒、助跳板和体操垫(小),分别占据69.6%、69.6%和66.1%;拥有率最低的为双杠和体操垫(大),分别占据16.1%和14.3%。初中拥有率最高的前三项为山羊、体操垫(小)和助跳板,分别占据62.5%、62.5%和57.1%;拥有率最低的为平梯和体操垫(大),分别占据12.5%和5.4%。高中拥有率最高的前三项为体操垫(小)、助跳板和山羊,分别占据78.6%、73.2%和55.4%;拥有率最低的为平梯和体操垫(大),分别占据16.1%和3.6%。5.学校领导的重视不够明确。有14.8%的领导非常重视校园体操,51.1%的领导一般重视校园体操,29.2%的领导不太重视校园体操,4.9%的领导完全不重视校园体操。大部分学校因为领导的重视不足,导致经费缺乏,器械陈旧,场地规划不足,严重影响到教学效果。6.教师培训、学习的机会明显不足。武汉市中小学校园体操教师培训,有38.1%的教师参加过教师培训,61.9%的教师没参加过教师培训。其中小学有37%的教师参加过教师培训,63%的教师没参加过教师培训;初中有43.6%的教师参加过教师培训,56.4%的教师没参加过教师培训;高中有32.1%的教师参加过教师培训,67.9%的教师没参加过教师培训。教师技能培训可以帮助教师更清晰准确地掌握教学内容,把握教学步骤,使学生更加容易学会所教内容。
[Abstract]:Gymnastics plays an important role in school physical education and sports. For a long time, the gymnastics class in the school campus, extracurricular gymnastic exercises and gymnastic competitions have played a good role in promoting the physical and mental health of the students in our country and enhancing the physical quality, and have a profound influence on the strengthening of the people's physique. Gymnastics Courses at all levels, extracurricular gymnastic exercises and gymnastics competitions. The contents include both the horizontal bars, the parallel bars, the Vaulting boxes and the skills, as well as the events of the rhythmic gymnastics, aerobics, cheerleading, sports dance, and dance. This article uses literature, questionnaire, mathematical statistics and so on. In the middle and primary schools of Han City, how to carry out the gymnastics on campus, grasp what kind of Gymnastics in the primary and middle school campus of Wuhan, what is the content of gymnastics, what kind of gymnastics is lacking, what problems exist, the existing problems are analyzed, and the methods of comprehensive development of campus physical exercises in primary and middle schools in Wuhan are explored, so as to provide the campus gymnastics into the campus. Through comprehensive analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. the main contents of the gymnastic project in Wuhan primary and secondary school are bare hand gymnastics, queue formation and rope skipping, and the gymnastic gymnastics with the most gymnastic characteristics is almost zero. There is a general existence of the.2. content structure of missing single bar, parallel bars and jumping equipment. The content overly biased towards the basic gymnastics, bare hands, rope skipping, and so on. The competence of the.3. gymnastics is not enough to carry out the gymnastic contents which have high requirements for the field equipment. Most of the teachers are not competent for the teaching of apparatus gymnastics. The queue formation in the school gymnastic in Wuhan primary and secondary schools, the competence of bare hand gymnastics and rope skipping is 100%, and the apparatus gymnastics The competence is 23.2%, indicating that most of the teachers are not competent for the teaching of apparatus gymnastics. Among them, 27.8% of the teachers in primary schools can be competent for the teaching of apparatus gymnastics; 23.6% of the teachers in junior high school can be competent for the teaching of apparatus gymnastics; the high school is less, only 19.6% of the teachers can be qualified for the uneven.4. hardware facilities, and the primary and secondary schools in Wuhan On campus gymnastic equipment, the top three items with the highest instrument ownership rate are gymnastic mats (small), helping the springboard and goats, occupying 69%, 66.7% and 58.9%. respectively, while the lowest possession rate is the flat ladder and the gymnastic mat (big), occupying 15.5% and 7.7%. respectively. The top three items in the primary school have the top three gymnastic rods, the help of the springboard and the gymnastic mats (small). Do not occupy 69.6%, 69.6%, and 66.1%; the lowest possession rate is the double bars and the gymnastic mat (big), the top three of the 16.1% and 14.3%. junior high schools are the goats, the gymnastic mats (small) and the help springboard, 62.5%, 62.5%, and 57.1%, and the lowest possession rate of the flat and the gymnastic mats, which occupy the highest rate of the 12.5% and 5.4%. high schools, respectively. The three items are gymnastic mat (small), help springboard and goat, occupying 78.6%, 73.2% and 55.4% respectively. The lowest level is the flat ladder and the gymnastic mat (big), which occupy 16.1% and 3.6%.5. school leaders respectively. 14.8% of the leaders attach great importance to campus gymnastics, 51.1% lead to campus gymnastics, and 29.2% leaders do not pay much attention to the campus body. Fuck, 4.9% of the leaders did not pay much attention to campus gymnastics. Most schools were lacking in the attention of the leaders, resulting in lack of funds, old equipment and lack of site planning, which seriously affected the teaching effect of.6. teacher training, and the opportunities for learning were obviously insufficient. 38.1% teachers had participated in teacher training in Wuhan primary and secondary school campus, 61.9% teachers had been trained in teacher training, 61.9% Teachers did not take part in teacher training, of which 37% of primary school teachers participated in teacher training, 63% of teachers did not take part in teacher training; 43.6% of teachers in junior high school participated in teacher training, and 56.4% of teachers did not take part in teacher training; 32.1% of teachers in high school participated in teacher training and 67.9% of teachers did not take part in teacher training. Teachers' skills were not involved. Training can help teachers to grasp the teaching content more clearly and accurately, grasp the teaching steps, and make it easier for students to learn what they are teaching.
【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.96
[Abstract]:Gymnastics plays an important role in school physical education and sports. For a long time, the gymnastics class in the school campus, extracurricular gymnastic exercises and gymnastic competitions have played a good role in promoting the physical and mental health of the students in our country and enhancing the physical quality, and have a profound influence on the strengthening of the people's physique. Gymnastics Courses at all levels, extracurricular gymnastic exercises and gymnastics competitions. The contents include both the horizontal bars, the parallel bars, the Vaulting boxes and the skills, as well as the events of the rhythmic gymnastics, aerobics, cheerleading, sports dance, and dance. This article uses literature, questionnaire, mathematical statistics and so on. In the middle and primary schools of Han City, how to carry out the gymnastics on campus, grasp what kind of Gymnastics in the primary and middle school campus of Wuhan, what is the content of gymnastics, what kind of gymnastics is lacking, what problems exist, the existing problems are analyzed, and the methods of comprehensive development of campus physical exercises in primary and middle schools in Wuhan are explored, so as to provide the campus gymnastics into the campus. Through comprehensive analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. the main contents of the gymnastic project in Wuhan primary and secondary school are bare hand gymnastics, queue formation and rope skipping, and the gymnastic gymnastics with the most gymnastic characteristics is almost zero. There is a general existence of the.2. content structure of missing single bar, parallel bars and jumping equipment. The content overly biased towards the basic gymnastics, bare hands, rope skipping, and so on. The competence of the.3. gymnastics is not enough to carry out the gymnastic contents which have high requirements for the field equipment. Most of the teachers are not competent for the teaching of apparatus gymnastics. The queue formation in the school gymnastic in Wuhan primary and secondary schools, the competence of bare hand gymnastics and rope skipping is 100%, and the apparatus gymnastics The competence is 23.2%, indicating that most of the teachers are not competent for the teaching of apparatus gymnastics. Among them, 27.8% of the teachers in primary schools can be competent for the teaching of apparatus gymnastics; 23.6% of the teachers in junior high school can be competent for the teaching of apparatus gymnastics; the high school is less, only 19.6% of the teachers can be qualified for the uneven.4. hardware facilities, and the primary and secondary schools in Wuhan On campus gymnastic equipment, the top three items with the highest instrument ownership rate are gymnastic mats (small), helping the springboard and goats, occupying 69%, 66.7% and 58.9%. respectively, while the lowest possession rate is the flat ladder and the gymnastic mat (big), occupying 15.5% and 7.7%. respectively. The top three items in the primary school have the top three gymnastic rods, the help of the springboard and the gymnastic mats (small). Do not occupy 69.6%, 69.6%, and 66.1%; the lowest possession rate is the double bars and the gymnastic mat (big), the top three of the 16.1% and 14.3%. junior high schools are the goats, the gymnastic mats (small) and the help springboard, 62.5%, 62.5%, and 57.1%, and the lowest possession rate of the flat and the gymnastic mats, which occupy the highest rate of the 12.5% and 5.4%. high schools, respectively. The three items are gymnastic mat (small), help springboard and goat, occupying 78.6%, 73.2% and 55.4% respectively. The lowest level is the flat ladder and the gymnastic mat (big), which occupy 16.1% and 3.6%.5. school leaders respectively. 14.8% of the leaders attach great importance to campus gymnastics, 51.1% lead to campus gymnastics, and 29.2% leaders do not pay much attention to the campus body. Fuck, 4.9% of the leaders did not pay much attention to campus gymnastics. Most schools were lacking in the attention of the leaders, resulting in lack of funds, old equipment and lack of site planning, which seriously affected the teaching effect of.6. teacher training, and the opportunities for learning were obviously insufficient. 38.1% teachers had participated in teacher training in Wuhan primary and secondary school campus, 61.9% teachers had been trained in teacher training, 61.9% Teachers did not take part in teacher training, of which 37% of primary school teachers participated in teacher training, 63% of teachers did not take part in teacher training; 43.6% of teachers in junior high school participated in teacher training, and 56.4% of teachers did not take part in teacher training; 32.1% of teachers in high school participated in teacher training and 67.9% of teachers did not take part in teacher training. Teachers' skills were not involved. Training can help teachers to grasp the teaching content more clearly and accurately, grasp the teaching steps, and make it easier for students to learn what they are teaching.
【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.96
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 王晶;;北京市小学体操课实施现状及对策研究[J];青少年体育;2015年10期
2 谭清川;梁健;张有刚;;长春市中小学体操课程开设现状调查与分析[J];长春师范大学学报;2014年12期
3 尹开宁;王s，
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