提高初中统计素养的教学研究

发布时间：2018-09-06 10:01

【摘要】：在当今生活中,人们几乎每天都和数据打交道,这就需要我们掌握一定的收集、整理、分析数据能力,需要具备一定的统计素养。统计素养是数学素养的重要组成部分,当前国内外基础教育都非常重视它的训练与发展。目前,关于统计素养的内涵和构成要素,尽管许多学者都有比较深刻的认识和见解,但对统计素养的教学研究仅停留在理论阶段,而对实证性教学设计研究甚少。因此,从教学设计与实验角度研究初中统计素养的教学十分必要,既可以更清楚地了解学生学习统计知识的特点和问题,又可促进课堂教学改革。本文结合当前国内外学者提出的关于中学统计教学的研究理论和教学经验,以重庆市某中学的初二年级为研究对象,组织开展新课程标准下统计教学的实验性研究。采取的研究方法主要是文献法、实验法和统计分析法。具体研究过程是:把所选的6个班合计240名学生分成“实验组”和“对照组”进行教学,实验组严格按照新课标的理念设计教学并组织教学活动,授课时注重学生的数学思维训练;对照组不加干涉的按照原班级教师的思路进行授课。同时,利用SPSS统计分析软件,对实验收集到的多组数据,分别从知识技能,数学思考,问题解决,情感态度等方面对学生进行教学效果测评研究。通过测试,实验的6个班级学生统计素养呈现3个特征:第一,实验组在统计情感态度方面比较积极,而对照组如预期一样,在情感态度和价值观上比较欠缺,对数据敏感度低;第二,对于统计素养的学习,女生表现得比男生要好,女生的学习更稳定;第三,统计素养和学生数学成绩保持一致,成绩好的同学统计部分基本较好。最后,给出了相关的教学改革建议。
[Abstract]:In today's life, people deal with data almost every day, which requires us to master the ability of collecting, sorting and analyzing data, and we need to have certain statistical literacy. Statistical literacy is an important part of mathematical literacy. At present, basic education at home and abroad attaches great importance to its training and development. At present, although many scholars have more profound understanding and opinions on the connotation and constituent elements of statistical literacy, the teaching research on statistical literacy is only in the theoretical stage, but the research on empirical teaching design is very little. Therefore, it is necessary to study the teaching of statistical literacy in junior high school from the angle of teaching design and experiment, which can not only clearly understand the characteristics and problems of students' learning statistical knowledge, but also promote the reform of classroom teaching. Based on the research theory and teaching experience of statistics teaching in middle schools put forward by scholars at home and abroad, this paper takes the second grade of a middle school in Chongqing as the research object, and organizes the experimental research on statistics teaching under the new curriculum standard. The research methods adopted are mainly literature method, experimental method and statistical analysis method. The specific research process is as follows: 240 students in 6 classes were divided into "experimental group" and "control group" for teaching. The experimental group designed teaching and organized teaching activities strictly according to the concept of the new curriculum standard. In the course of teaching, students' mathematical thinking training was emphasized, while the control group did not interfere in teaching according to the original class teachers' ideas. At the same time, using SPSS statistical analysis software, the teaching effect of the students was evaluated from the aspects of knowledge and skills, mathematical thinking, problem solving, emotional attitude and so on. Through the test, the six class students' statistical literacy showed three characteristics: first, the experimental group was more positive in statistical emotional attitude, while the control group, as expected, was lack of emotional attitude and values. Low sensitivity to data; second, for the study of statistical literacy, girls are better than boys, girls study more stable; third, statistical literacy and students' math results are consistent, the students with good results in the statistical part is basically better. Finally, the author gives some suggestions on teaching reform.
【学位授予单位】：广西民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.6

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