地理尺度思想在地理过程教学中的渗透研究

发布时间：2018-11-02 14:36

【摘要】：随着国际地理课程的不断改革,多个国家和地区在其地理课程标准中都将尺度作为地理学的核心思想,地理尺度思想愈加凸显其重要地位。而地理尺度思想对于地理过程教学具有很好的指导作用,可以帮助理解地理过程的时空耦合性,更深入地认识地理过程的基本原理和规律。所以在进行地理过程教学时注意渗透地理尺度思想十分重要,但目前对于这方面的研究很少。针对这一现状,本文详细分析了地理尺度思想渗透于地理过程教学的必要性和可行性,系统梳理了人教版高中地理教材必修一和必修二当中蕴含的“地理过程”知识,提出了渗透地理尺度思想应该遵循科学性、适度性和因材施教原则,探究了在教材和课堂两个方面的渗透途径,并指出渗透时应注意教师的观念和知识储备、渗透的程度、以及学生的兴趣。本文认为,教师需要立足地理教材和课堂,挖掘地理尺度思想,运用一定的直观手段和技术手段,以学生感兴趣的方式将地理尺度思想渗透到地理过程教学中。为了使得渗透得当,教师需要认识到地理尺度的重要性,增加自己的知识储备,潜心研究地理尺度思想,掌握渗透的程度,把握好课堂渗透的时间,并采用能激发学生兴趣的方式进行课堂渗透。最后,本文针对地理循环过程、地理演变过程、地理波动性变化过程和地理扩散过程四种地理过程分别设计了“自然界的水循环”、“常见天气系统”、“人口的数量变化”和“人口的空间变化”四个案例,以说明地理尺度思想在地理过程教学中的渗透,培养学生的地理尺度思想,提高地理过程教学的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous reform of international geography curriculum, many countries and regions regard scale as the core idea of geography in their geography curriculum standards, and the thought of geographical scale is becoming more and more important. The idea of geographical scale has a good guiding effect on the teaching of geographical process, which can help to understand the spatio-temporal coupling of geographical process, and to understand the basic principles and laws of geographical process more deeply. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to infiltrating the idea of geographical scale in the teaching of geography process, but there is little research on this aspect. In view of this situation, this paper analyzes in detail the necessity and feasibility of the idea of geographical scale permeating into the teaching of geography process, and systematically combs the knowledge of "geographical process" contained in the required first and second courses in the geography teaching materials of senior high school. This paper puts forward that the thought of infiltrating geographical scale should follow the principles of science, moderation and teaching according to students' aptitude, probes into the ways of infiltration in both teaching materials and classroom, and points out that teachers should pay attention to teachers' ideas and knowledge reserves and the degree of penetration when infiltrating. And the interest of the students. This paper holds that teachers should base themselves on geography teaching materials and classrooms, dig out the idea of geographical scale, and apply some intuitive and technical means to infiltrate the idea of geographical scale into the teaching of geographical process in a way that students are interested in. In order to make infiltration appropriate, teachers need to realize the importance of geographical scale, increase their knowledge reserve, study the idea of geographical scale, grasp the degree of penetration, and grasp the time of classroom penetration. And can stimulate the interest of students in the way of classroom penetration. Finally, this paper designs the "water cycle of nature", "common weather system" and "common weather system" for four geographical processes: geographical cycle process, geographical evolution process, geographical fluctuation change process and geographical diffusion process, respectively. The four cases of "the change of population quantity" and "the spatial change of population" are used to illustrate the infiltration of the idea of geographical scale in the teaching of geographical process, to train students' thought of geographical scale, and to improve the effectiveness of teaching of geographical process.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.55

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