陶行知生活教育思想及其对中学思想政治课教学生活化的启示

发布时间：2018-11-03 10:21

【摘要】：陶行知先生是我国近代著名的教育家、思想家和哲学家。在腐朽没落的半殖民地半封建社会,为了救国救民,为了抵抗西方列强在经济和文化上的入侵,陶行知结合我国民国时期的教育状况,继承和批判了我国明代教育家王阳明的“知行合一”说以及其恩师美国著名教育家杜威的“教育即生活”、“学校即社会”和“做中学”等思想,提出了“生活即教育”“社会即学校”“教学做合一”的教育思想。他主张教育要与生活相联系,要打破学校和社会之间的隔阂,要在做中教,在做中学。虽然经历了近百年的历史,但陶行知的生活教育思想对我国教育特别是素质教育仍有着重要的启示意义。当前,我国推行的素质教育正热火朝天的进行着,而承担着素质教育重任的中学思想政治课却存在着很多的弊端,大多数教师仍然采用传统灌输式的重分数轻能力的教学方法,严重阻碍了素质教育的推行,导致学生们的素质普遍偏低。本篇论文从分析陶行知生活教育思想形成的政治、经济和文化背景入手,介绍其生活教育思想的主要内容和特征,最后根据要实现教学“生活化”的要求,提出了生活教育思想对我国当前中学思想政治课教学生活化的启示,包括教学目标生活化、教学内容生活化、教学过程与方法生活化和教学评价生活化等方面。希望能总结经验、探索可行性措施,以改进当前我国中学思想政治课教学之不足现状,提高学生学习的积极性,以提高思想政治课教学的实效性。
[Abstract]:Tao Xingzhi is a famous educator, thinker and philosopher in modern China. In the decaying, semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, in order to save the nation and save the people, to resist the economic and cultural invasion of Western powers, Tao Xingzhi combined the educational situation of the Republic of China. It inherits and criticizes the theory of "integration of knowledge and action" of Wang Yangming, an educator in Ming Dynasty, and his teacher Dewey's thoughts of "Education is Life", "School is Society" and "Learning by doing". This paper puts forward the educational thought of "life is education", "society is school" and "teaching and doing combine together". He advocated that education should be connected with life, break the gap between school and society, teach in doing and learn in doing. Although it has gone through a hundred years history, Tao Xingzhi's thought of life education still has important enlightenment significance to our country's education, especially to the quality education. At present, the quality education being carried out in our country is in full swing, but the ideological and political course of middle school, which is shouldering the important task of quality education, has many drawbacks. Most teachers still adopt the traditional teaching method of emphasizing scores and neglecting ability. Seriously hindered the implementation of quality education, resulting in students' quality is generally low. This paper begins with the analysis of the political, economic and cultural background of Tao Xingzhi's life education thought, introduces the main contents and characteristics of Tao Xingzhi's life education thought, and finally, according to the requirements of realizing the "life-oriented" teaching, This paper puts forward the enlightenment of the thought of life education to the teaching of ideological and political course in middle school in our country, including the life of teaching goal, the life of teaching content, the life of teaching process and method, the life of teaching evaluation and so on. It is hoped that we can sum up experience and explore feasible measures in order to improve the current situation of ideological and political teaching in middle schools in our country, to improve the enthusiasm of students in learning, and to improve the effectiveness of ideological and political teaching.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.2

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