基于核心素养的高中地理教学评价研究

发布时间：2018-11-05 11:49

【摘要】：教学评价是教学活动的重要组成部分,是对教育教学影响的过程与结果进行价值判断的活动,是教学过程中各个主体发现问题、解决问题最终使教学活动朝着预期方向发展的重要方式与手段。它对教育教学具有评定、导向、诊断、激励、预测、选拔等多元功能。教学评价的类型也具多元性:有学生评价、教师评价与学校评价;有自我评价与他人评价;有诊断性教学评价、形成性教学评价与终结性教学评价;有定性评价与定量评价;相对性评价、绝对性评价与个体内差异评价等。普通高中课程改革倡导发挥教学评价促进学生全面发展的作用,教学评价要实现评价内容的多元化,评价方式的多样化,还要注重形成性评价。党的十八大提出深化基础教育改革,确立了“立德树人”的根本任务,培养学生终身发展所必备的核心素养,教学评价作为教学活动中的监测机制,必须以学生核心素养培养为导向,促进教学活动沿着正确的方向前行。在对高中地理教师的问卷调查中发现高中地理教师所具备的教学评价知识和能力(即教学评价知能)偏低,通过相关分析发现:高中地理教师教龄的长短影响着教师教学评价的理念及教学评价的知识和能力;教师教学评价的提升意识与教师的教学评价知识和能力相关,教师教学评价的实践也与教学评价知识和能力息息相关。教学评价知识与能力制约着教学评价实践中对地理学科特性的关注。但是,调查结果也表明教师在入职前教学评价课程的修习与入职后的有关教学评价的培训对教学评价的知识与能力的影响并不显著。基于以上分析,从教师教学评价能力的角度提出课堂教学评价首先要树立正确的理念;要加强教学评价知识的积累;还需强化教学评价实践,在实践中要优化提问方式,注重结果反馈。以学科核心素养为依托,设计了教学案例与评价量表。指出日常教学评价中应该关注的问题,教学评价应该把促进核心素养发展作为第一要义;要实现教学评价主体的多元化,要让学生感知评价目标,注重学生需求,积极导向学科核心素养养成;要建立体现学科核心素养的教学评价指标体系;要注重评价学生发展的特殊需求,设计因材施教的评价方案;在形成性评价中,要改进教学,将“教”、“学”与评价深度融合;要将教学评价信息合理整合,做好终结性教学评价。
[Abstract]:Teaching evaluation is an important part of teaching activities. It is an activity to judge the value of the process and result of the influence of education and teaching. Problem solving is an important way and means for teaching activities to develop in the expected direction. It has multiple functions such as evaluation, guidance, diagnosis, encouragement, prediction, selection and so on. The types of teaching evaluation include student evaluation, teacher evaluation and school evaluation, self-evaluation and others evaluation, diagnostic teaching evaluation, formative teaching evaluation and summative teaching evaluation, qualitative evaluation and quantitative evaluation. Relativity evaluation, absolute evaluation and individual difference evaluation. Ordinary high school curriculum reform advocates that teaching evaluation should play an important role in promoting students' all-round development. In order to realize the diversity of evaluation contents and methods, formative evaluation should be paid more attention to in teaching evaluation. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed deepening the reform of basic education, establishing the fundamental task of "building up moral integrity and building people," cultivating the core qualities necessary for the lifelong development of students, and taking teaching evaluation as a monitoring mechanism in teaching activities. We must take the cultivation of students' core literacy as the guidance and promote the teaching activities to advance in the right direction. In the questionnaire survey of senior high school geography teachers, it is found that the teaching evaluation knowledge and ability (that is, teaching evaluation knowledge and ability) of senior high school geography teachers are on the low side. Through correlation analysis, it is found that the length of teaching age of geography teachers in senior high school affects the concept of teaching evaluation and the knowledge and ability of teaching evaluation; The promotion of teachers' awareness of teaching evaluation is related to teachers' knowledge and ability of teaching evaluation, and the practice of teachers' teaching evaluation is closely related to their knowledge and ability of teaching evaluation. The knowledge and ability of teaching evaluation restrict the attention to the characteristics of geography in teaching evaluation practice. However, the results of the investigation also show that the influence of teachers' pre-service teaching evaluation courses and training on teaching evaluation on the knowledge and ability of teaching evaluation is not significant. Based on the above analysis, from the perspective of teachers' teaching evaluation ability, this paper puts forward that classroom teaching evaluation should first set up a correct idea, strengthen the accumulation of teaching evaluation knowledge, and improve the quality of teaching evaluation. It is also necessary to strengthen the practice of teaching evaluation, optimize the way of questioning and pay attention to the feedback of results in practice. Based on the discipline core accomplishment, the teaching case and evaluation scale are designed. The paper points out the problems that should be paid attention to in the daily teaching evaluation, and the teaching evaluation should take promoting the development of the core accomplishment as the first important point; In order to realize the diversification of teaching evaluation subjects, students should be aware of the evaluation objective, pay attention to the needs of students, actively guide the cultivation of discipline core literacy, establish a teaching evaluation index system that embodies the subject core literacy. We should pay attention to the evaluation of the special needs of students' development, design the evaluation scheme of teaching according to their aptitude, improve the teaching in formative evaluation, and integrate "teaching", "learning" and evaluation depth. We should integrate the information of teaching evaluation reasonably and do a good job of summative evaluation of teaching.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.55

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