改革开放以来人教版初中历史教参发展研究（1978~2012）

发布时间：2018-11-07 21:16

【摘要】：我国的教育在历史长河中不断摸索、改革和创新,以适应时代的发展。进入21世纪以来,我国基础教育迎来了新一轮的改革,而遵循课程标准精神以及跟教材配套的教参也在不断的改革和创新。历史教参作为历史教学的重要指导书,是教材的重要补充。它指出历史教学活动的教学目标,对教材进行分析并给出教学建议,帮助教师理解把握教材和选择教学方法,更有力的指导教学工作、提高教学质量,从而推进我国教育改革的进程。教参不再单纯是教师的参考书,而是一本真正的指导教学工作的指导书。但是,目前关于历史教参的研究相对较少,一般是对教参与教材、课程标准关系的研究,或是教参功能研究,或是横向对比研究,历史教参纵向方面的研究几乎为零。本文以人教版初中历史教参发展变革历程入手,采用文献法、举例法和比较分析法等方法,分析从改革开放到现在每一阶段历史教参的编写思想、编写结构等内容,从中总结每段时期历史教参的特点和继承与发展。体现历史教参在教学中的重大指导作用,帮助教师更好的运用教参指导教学,把值得提倡的教育观、课程观以及值得借鉴的方法运用到实际的教学实践中,以优化教学实践,提高教学质量。本文主要介绍了教参与教材、课标的关系,简述历史教参的发展历程以及重点分析人教版教参“一枝独秀”和“百花竞放”的局面。发现人教版教参不断吸取经验和引进先进教育理论,在编写思想、结构、内容上不断继承、发展和创新。从只注重知识的补充到注重思想和能力的培养,再到新世纪以来,教参的内容更趋于多样化和立体化,更多的是指导如何操作,如何运用各种教学方法达到教学目的。如今,在“一纲多本”的情况下,人教版历史教参在各版教参“百花齐放”的局面下,不仅保持其特色,更发挥着它的优势,坚持与时俱进,不断改革创新,有效、强力的指导教师教学工作。
[Abstract]:China's education has been groping, reforming and innovating in the long history to adapt to the development of the times. Since entering the 21st century, the basic education of our country has ushered in a new round of reform, and the teachers who follow the spirit of curriculum standards and the corresponding teaching materials are constantly reforming and innovating. As an important guide of history teaching, history teaching reference is an important supplement to teaching materials. It points out the teaching objectives of history teaching activities, analyzes the teaching materials and gives some teaching suggestions, so as to help teachers understand and grasp the teaching materials and choose the teaching methods, so as to guide the teaching work more effectively and improve the teaching quality. So as to promote the process of education reform in China. Teaching reference is no longer simply a reference book for teachers, but a real guide to teaching work. However, at present, there are few researches on history teaching reference, which are generally about teaching materials, curriculum standard, teaching reference function, or horizontal contrast, and the longitudinal study of history teaching reference is almost zero. In this paper, the author begins with the development and transformation of the history teaching reference in the junior middle school, and analyzes the writing thought and structure of the historical teaching reference from the reform and opening up to the present by using the methods of literature, examples and comparative analysis. It summarizes the characteristics, inheritance and development of historical reference in each period. Reflecting the important guiding role of history teaching reference in teaching, helping teachers to use teaching reference to guide teaching better, applying the education view, curriculum view and methods worth using for reference to the actual teaching practice, in order to optimize the teaching practice. Improve the quality of teaching. This paper mainly introduces the relationship between teaching participation teaching materials and curriculum standards, briefly describes the development process of historical teaching reference, and analyzes emphatically the situation of "one-sided" and "a hundred flowers competing to blossom" in the educational version. It is found that the teaching staff of the people's Education Edition continue to absorb experience and introduce advanced educational theories, and to inherit, develop and innovate in writing ideas, structures and contents. From only paying attention to the supplement of knowledge to the cultivation of thought and ability, to the new century, the content of teaching reference tends to be more diversified and three-dimensional, more is to guide how to operate, how to use various teaching methods to achieve the purpose of teaching. Nowadays, under the situation of "one program and many books", the history teaching reference of the people's education edition not only maintains its characteristics, but also exerts its advantages, persists in keeping pace with the times, constantly reforming and innovating, and being effective under the situation of "a hundred flowers in full bloom" in each edition. Strongly guide the teacher's teaching work.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.51

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