高中物理电磁核心概念及其教学设计研究

发布时间：2018-11-14 16:52

【摘要】：随着国际上对核心概念的普遍关注,核心概念教学已经成为一种趋势。物理核心概念指能广泛应用的物理知识,包括概念、规律、原理等,物理核心概念总领着每一个物理原理和规律的建立,是学好物理的关键。本文从核心概念的理论基础和中美课程标准出发,通过内容分析法、问卷调查法、行动研究法等梳理确定我国高中物理电磁核心概念,分析研究国内外前人围绕核心概念展开教学的基础上,尝试建构以核心概念为中心的教学设计框架,编写教学案例并运用到实践中去,为一线物理教师提供实际可操作的方法。本课题共分六章,主要内容如下:第一章是绪论。主要论述了核心概念研究的背景、相关概念的界定、国内外关于核心概念与教学设计的研究历史和现状以及本课题研究的主要内容、意义、方法等。第二章是研究的相关理论基础。从建构主义教学理论、有意义学习理论、加涅的教学设计理论三个理论基础上,详细地阐述了该理论基础所包含的主要内容以及该理论基础对以核心概念为中心的教学设计的启示。第三章是高中物理电磁核心概念的界定。首先从美国科学课程标准和我国普通高中物理课程标准出发,确定我国高中物理电磁核心概念的筛选标准;然后梳理人教版高中物理教材中各个章节下的有关电磁概念,共梳理出82个电磁概念,对比高中物理课程标准及核心概念筛选标准,经过提炼最终确定的重点概念有28个:最后通过教师问卷调查,最终确定高中物理电磁核心概念共有五个,分别是:闭合电路的欧姆定律、法拉第电磁感应定律、电场强度、楞次定律、磁感应强度。第四章是以核心概念为中心的教学设计。以核心概念为中心的教学设计,是在系统分析教材内容的基础上,确定核心概念,通过安排教学过程、选择教学策略等来建构核心概念,以评价学习结果的方式来不断完善教学设计的过程。通过对专家学者们提出的关于教学设计模式的研究,本课题提出了以核心概念为中心的教学设计框架,包括筛选核心概念、分析教学内容、确定教学目标、安排教学过程、选择教学策略、评价学习结果、建构核心概念等七个环节,并且详细论述了每个环节的内容,最后根据核心概念教学设计框架设计《电场强度》教学设计案例。第五章是以核心概念为中心的教学设计实践。将编制好的《电场强度》教学设计案例运用到实践中,通过月考试卷及学案习题分析,结果表明核心概念教学能够促进学生对概念的理解与掌握,教师应该加强对核心概念教学的重视。第六章结论及反思。总结本课题的结论及存在的不足之处,希望以后的研究者能够继续在这方面深入研究,提出更加完善的以核心概念为中心的教学设计框架。
[Abstract]:With the universal concern of the core concept, the core concept teaching has become a trend. The physical core concept refers to the physical knowledge that can be widely used, including the concept, the law, the principle and so on. The physical core concept is the establishment of every physical principle and law, which is the key to learn physics well. In this paper, based on the theoretical basis of the core concept and the standard of Chinese beauty standard, the core concept of high school physics in China is determined through content analysis, questionnaire and action research. Try to construct the teaching design framework centered on the core concept, write the teaching case and apply it to the practice, provide the practical operation method for the first-line physical teacher. This subject is divided into six chapters. The main contents are as follows: The first chapter is the introduction. This paper mainly discusses the background of the core concept research, the definition of the relevant concepts, the research history and present situation of the core concept and the teaching design at home and abroad, and the main contents, meanings and methods of the research. The second chapter is the relevant theoretical basis of the research. Based on the theory of constructivism, the theory of self-learning and the theory of teaching design of Gagne, the main contents of the theoretical foundation and the enlightenment of the theoretical foundation to the teaching design centered on the core concept are set forth in detail. The third chapter is the definition of the core concept of high school physics. First of all, we set out the screening criteria of the core concept of high school physics in high school from the standard of American science standard and the physical standard of ordinary high school in our country, and then sort out 82 electromagnetic concepts by combing the relevant electromagnetic concepts under various chapters in the physical teaching material of the high school of the human being. In contrast to the high school physics curriculum standard and the core concept screening standard, there are 28 key concepts that are finally determined by the extraction: finally, through the teacher's questionnaire, it is finally determined that there are five core concepts of high school physics, namely, the Ohm's law of the closed circuit, Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, electric field strength, second law, magnetic induction intensity. The fourth chapter is the teaching design centered on the core concept. The teaching design centered on the core concept, based on the analysis of the content of the teaching materials, determines the core concept, and constructs the core concept by arranging the teaching process, selecting the teaching strategy and the like, so as to improve the teaching design process in a way of evaluating the learning result. Through the research on the design pattern of the teaching, the subject put forward the teaching design framework centered on the core concept, including the screening of the core concept, the analysis of the teaching content, the determination of the teaching goal, the arrangement of the teaching process, the selection of the teaching strategy and the evaluation of the learning result, The core concept and other seven links are discussed in detail, and the content of each link is discussed in detail. Finally, according to the core concept teaching design framework, the design of the electric field strength> teaching design case is designed. The fifth chapter is the teaching design practice centered on the core concept. The results show that the core concept teaching can promote the students' understanding and control of the concept, and the teachers should strengthen the emphasis on the core concept teaching. Chapter 6. Conclusion and Rethinking. To sum up the conclusions and shortcomings of this project, the researchers hope that future researchers can continue to study in this area and put forward a more complete teaching design framework centered on the core concept.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.7

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