构建物理模型解题方法提高课堂教学效率的研究

发布时间：2018-11-15 20:28

【摘要】：随着课程改革和高考考试大纲能力要求的不断提升,高考命题趋势由知识立意转向能力立意,使物理课程更注重与科学、技术、社会的联系,试题内容与生产生活紧密联系。当前教学方法模式很多,课堂效果仍然不尽如意,最典型的问题是:学生对物理知识一学就会,物理问题一做就错。虽然课本知识掌握的牢固,遇到问题只会套用概念、规律,导致成绩不理想,课堂参与探究活动效率低。为改善这种局面,基于读题、审题、提取问题情景信息、构建物理模型解题方法提高课堂教学效率的研究就非常有意义。如何培养学生构建物理模型解题方法提高课堂教学效率,提高学生考试成绩是本文的研究重点。本文就从如何培养学生遇到问题情景准确构建抽象图像,构建出物理模型与现有物理模型知识、结构、规律比对构建出物理模型解题方法技巧,提高学生的成绩,提高课堂的教学效率。本文从文献法整理物理模型理论知识、分析近三年高考新课标试题考点模型、试卷结构、问卷调查学生对物理模型认知度、针对问卷调查问题提出构建物理模型解题方法教学活动实践策略等方面进行课题研究,最后可以得到的结论为:1、构建物理模型解题方法教学方式对高一年级学生的成绩有明显提升,对基础好的班级提升更明显,从课堂效率来看,学生对教学活动的参与性更加积极,学生逐步养成审题、分析问题情景变化状态构建抽象化图像,构建物理模型解题方法解答效率提高。2、构建物理模型解题方法教学方式有利于高三年级学生成绩提升,特别是高中前两年物理基础知识好的班级成绩进步和课堂效果反馈效果更明显,审题、分析问题情景提取有效信息构建物理模型的能力增强。3、构建物理模型解题方法教学方式即促进教师教学观念更新变革,增强教师多媒体信息技术平台的使用技能,也探究课堂教学效率的评价机制的合理创新点和不足点。
[Abstract]:With the reform of the curriculum and the continuous improvement of the ability requirements of the college entrance examination syllabus, the tendency of the proposition of the college entrance examination has changed from knowledge to ability, which makes the physics curriculum pay more attention to the connection with science, technology and society, and the content of the examination questions is closely related to the production and life. At present, there are many teaching methods, and the classroom effect is still unsatisfactory. The most typical problem is that students can learn physics as soon as they learn, and physics problems are wrong when they do. Although textbook knowledge is firmly grasped, problems will only apply concepts and rules, resulting in unsatisfactory results and low efficiency of classroom participation in inquiry activities. In order to improve this situation, the research on how to improve the efficiency of classroom teaching based on reading questions, examining questions, extracting the information of problem situations and constructing physical model to solve problems is of great significance. How to train students to construct physical model and solve problems to improve the efficiency of classroom teaching and improve students' test results is the focus of this paper. In this paper, how to train students to accurately construct abstract images, to construct physical model and existing physical model knowledge, structure, law to construct the skills of solving problems of physical model, to improve the students' achievement, is discussed in this paper. Improve the efficiency of classroom teaching. In this paper, the author collates the theoretical knowledge of physical model from the literature method, analyzes the model of the test site, the structure of the test paper, the questionnaire survey students' recognition of the physical model in the recent three years in the new course of college entrance examination. In view of the questionnaire survey, the author puts forward the method of constructing the physical model to solve the problem and carries on the research in the aspects of teaching practice strategy and so on. Finally, the conclusion can be obtained as follows: 1. The teaching method of constructing physics model problem solving method has obvious improvement to the grade one students' achievement, and it is more obvious to the class with good foundation. From the classroom efficiency point of view, the students' participation in teaching activities is more active, and the students gradually cultivate the examination of questions. Analyzing the changing state of the situation and constructing the abstract image, constructing the physics model to solve the problem, improving the efficiency of solving the problem. 2. Constructing the teaching method of solving the problem of the physical model is beneficial to the improvement of the grade 3 students' achievement. In particular, in the first two years of senior high school, the improvement of class performance and the feedback effect of classroom effect are more obvious. The ability to extract effective information and analyze problem situations to construct physical models is enhanced. The teaching method of constructing physical model problem-solving method is to promote teachers' teaching concept to renew and reform, to enhance teachers' skills of using multimedia information technology platform, and to explore the reasonable innovation and deficiency of the evaluation mechanism of classroom teaching efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.7

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