中小学教师教育生活现状及提升策略研究

发布时间：2018-11-22 17:30

【摘要】：教育不仅是一种生活,而且是一种最直接最普遍最具生活情趣和价值的生活。(1)教育对人的发展至关重要,由此可以推出教育生活在人类总体生活的重要构成部分,是教育主体(教师和学生)在教育活动中展现生命活力,体验生命过程,满足生命需求,实现生命价值的一种社会活动。教育中两大主体的教育生活也不尽相同,学生的教育生活关注的是学生个体的发展,而教师的教育生活具有双重意义,它不单关系到学生的成长同时也关系到教师的专业成长,因此无论从教师自身成长的方面还是从学生个体发展的方面来看,教师的教育生活质量都亟需得到关注和重视。本研究分为四部分,论文第一部分,对收集的文献进行整理总结,论述了研究的基本概念、研究问题综述等;论文第二部分,采用自编问卷《关于教师的教育生活的调查问卷》做工具,选取了C市七所中小学330名教师做被试,以问卷调查的方式,获取教师教育生活现况;论文第三部分,在问卷的统计结果基础上细化问题选取共11名被试作为访谈的对象,使用自编的访谈提纲对11名被试进行半结构化访谈,分析访谈得出教师教育生活的主要问题;第四部分,综合两种研究方法得出的结果,总结教师教育生活的困境并提出合理化的解决困境的路径。结合问卷和访谈资料整体分析,提出相应对策建议。研究得出结论如下:(1)性别、年龄、学科、职称、学校类别、所教年级、所教科目等人口统计学变量都是影响中教师教育生活状态的重要因素,人口统计学变量在教师教育生活各维度上有显著差异。(2)中小学教师的教育生活各维度,教学状态、精神状态、物质状态、专业发展、国家政策和学校管理与教育生活是有显著的相关存在。教学状态、精神状态、专业发展内部影响比物质状态、国家政策和学校管理的显著性明显。(3)压力的是最为影响教师教育生活的因素,升学压力、师生关系、职称压力、工作本身压力,来自内部和外部的压力都是最为直接的影响。(4)教师教育生活的困境在于精神压力超负荷、工作过于繁重、工作动力不足、教育权利丧失几个方面。同时本文从三个层面提出了改善教师教育生活的主要对策。从社会层面,制定合理惩戒制度,建立完善薪酬体制,尊重教师本身的生命价值。从学校层面,完善学校文化生活建设,制定公允的学校管理制度。从教师个体层面,培养良好心态,合理规划时间,转换思想与时俱进。力求通过社会、学校、教师个人三方的共同努力之下,营造良好的教师教育生活氛围,提升教师教育生活状态。
[Abstract]:Education is not only a kind of life, but also one of the most direct, universal, interesting and valuable life. (1) Education is essential to the development of human beings, and thus an important component of educational life in human life as a whole can be derived. The main body of education (teachers and students) shows the vitality of life, experiences the process of life, meets the needs of life and realizes the value of life in educational activities. The educational life of the two main bodies in education is also different. The educational life of students is concerned with the development of individual students, and the educational life of teachers is of dual significance. It is not only related to the growth of students but also to the professional growth of teachers. Therefore, the quality of teachers' educational life needs to be paid more attention to both from the aspects of teachers' own growth and students' individual development. This research is divided into four parts. The first part of the paper summarizes the literature collected, discusses the basic concepts of the study, research issues and so on; In the second part of the thesis, 330 teachers from seven middle and primary schools in C city were selected as subjects by using the questionnaire of "questionnaire on teacher's Educational Life", and the present situation of teachers' educational life was obtained by questionnaire. In the third part, based on the statistical results of the questionnaire, a total of 11 subjects were selected as the interview objects, and 11 subjects were interviewed semi-structured by using the self-compiled interview outline. The main problems of teachers' educational life are obtained by analyzing and interviewing. The fourth part, synthesizing the results of two kinds of research methods, summarizes the plight of teachers' educational life and puts forward the rational ways to solve it. Based on the analysis of questionnaire and interview data, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) demographic variables such as gender, age, subject, title, school type, grade taught, subject taught are all the important factors that affect the educational life state of teachers. Demographic variables have significant differences in the dimensions of teachers' educational life. (2) the dimensions of educational life, teaching state, mental state, material state, professional development of primary and secondary school teachers, There is a significant correlation between national policy and school management and educational life. The internal influence of teaching state, mental state, professional development is more obvious than that of material state, national policy and school management. (3) the pressure is the most influential factor of teachers' education life, the pressure of going to school, the relationship between teachers and students, and the pressure of professional title. The pressure of work itself, internal and external pressure is the most direct impact. (4) the plight of teachers' educational life lies in the mental pressure overload, too heavy work, insufficient motivation and the loss of the right to education. At the same time, this paper puts forward the main countermeasures of improving teachers' educational life from three aspects. From the social level, we should formulate a reasonable disciplinary system, establish and perfect the salary system, and respect the life value of teachers themselves. From the school level, improve the construction of school cultural life, and formulate a fair school management system. From the teacher's individual level, cultivate a good mentality, reasonable planning time, change ideas with the times. Through the joint efforts of society, school and individual teachers, we should create a good atmosphere of teachers' education and life and improve their educational living conditions.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G635.1

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