马卡连柯的前景教育理论对我国中学生理想信念教育的启示

发布时间：2018-12-10 23:52

【摘要】：中国共产党带领我国各族人民,从激荡的革命战争年代中,从曲折的社会主义探索时期中,到现在复杂的社会主义建设新时期中,破除西方资本主义国家的压制和封锁,克服艰难困苦,化解各种矛盾,取得今天的发展成就,与一代又一代中国共产党人的执着追求和顽强奋斗是分不开的,而在这背后支撑着他们行动的是伟大的精神力量——坚定的社会主义理想和对共产主义的信念。正因为如此,中国共产党向来把思想政治教育放在重要的位置——尤其是其核心理想信念教育——坚持用马克思主义来武装人民的头脑,以形成团结一致、戮力同心的政治局面。中学生处在世界观、人生观、价值观发展的关键时期,又是我国未来发展的预备队和生力军,其成长程度直接关系着我国的前途命运。所以加强我国中学生的理想信念教育,就是关乎我国能否崛起和崛起到何种程度的重要问题。当此之时,由于国际上共产主义运动遭受重大挫折而走向低谷,发达的西方国家又坚持对我国进行“和平演变”；由于国内政治、经济、文化大环境的诸多不良影响；由于我国思想政治教育主阵地——政治课堂——的作用一直得不到有效的发挥,所以我国中学生的理想信念教育现状堪忧。为此,我们需要警醒起来,从理论指导和实践操作上思索解决之道。而上世纪初伟大的教育家马卡连柯在这方面给我们提供了有益的思想启发。他创造性地提出了以前景教育为主导原则的集体主义教育理论,并以它为指导在自己三十二年的教育实践中培养了三千以上的苏维埃新人。同样是社会主义国家,同样面对中学阶段的学生,我们完全可以参考马卡连柯的前景教育理论来加强和改进我们的理想信念教育。在这种思路的指导下,本文将从以下诸方面来展开论述：第一部分：绪论。包括选题意义,国内外研究现状,研究目的与方法,创新点。第二部分：马卡连柯的前景教育理论。内容包括对马卡连柯的生平活动和主要教育思想进行介绍,并详细叙述他的前景教育理论。第三部分：我国中学生的理想信念教育。首先阐释理想信念教育的科学内涵,然后说明在我国中学阶段进行理想信念教育的必要性,最后再归纳当前我国中学生理想信念教育现状。第四部分：启示——即借鉴马卡连柯的前景教育理论改进我国中学生理想信念教育。首先找到前景教育与理想信念教育契合点,然后再具体说明启示的内容。
[Abstract]:The Communist Party of China led the people of all ethnic groups in our country to break down the repression and blockade of western capitalist countries from the turbulent revolutionary war years, from the tortuous period of socialist exploration to the new period of complex socialist construction. Overcoming difficulties and hardships, resolving various contradictions, and achieving today's achievements in development are inseparable from the persistent pursuit and tenacious struggle of the Chinese Communists from generation to generation. Behind it were the great spiritual forces-a firm socialist ideal and a belief in communism. Precisely because of this, the CPC has always placed ideological and political education in an important position-especially the education of its core ideals and beliefs-insisting on arming the minds of the people with Marxism in order to form unity and unity. A common political situation. Middle school students are in the key period of the development of world outlook, outlook on life and values, and they are the reserve and new force in the future development of our country, and their growth degree is directly related to the future and destiny of our country. Therefore, to strengthen the education of high school students' ideals and beliefs is an important issue concerning the rise and rise of our country. At this time, due to the major setbacks suffered by the international communist movement, the developed western countries insist on the "peaceful evolution" of our country, due to the domestic political, economic, cultural environment of many adverse effects; As the main position of ideological and political education in our country-political classroom-has not been able to play an effective role, so the status quo of high school students' ideal and belief education is worrying. Therefore, we need to be alert, from the theoretical guidance and practical operation of the solution. At the beginning of the last century, the great educator Markalianco provided us with useful ideas. He creatively put forward the educational theory of collectivism based on the leading principle of prospect education, and guided by it, he cultivated more than three thousand new Soviet students in his 32 years' educational practice. In the same socialist country, facing the students at the middle school level, we can strengthen and improve our education of ideals and beliefs by referring to Markalianco's theory of future education. Under the guidance of this train of thought, this paper will discuss from the following aspects: the first part: introduction. Including the significance of the topic, domestic and foreign research status, research objectives and methods, innovation. The second part: Makalenko's educational theory of prospect. The content includes an introduction to Makalenko's life activities and main educational thoughts, and a detailed description of his theory of future education. The third part: the ideal and belief education of middle school students in our country. This paper first explains the scientific connotation of the ideal and belief education, then explains the necessity of carrying out the ideal and belief education in the middle school stage of our country, and finally concludes the present situation of the ideal and belief education of the middle school students in our country. The fourth part: enlightenment that is to improve the ideal and belief education of middle school students in our country by drawing lessons from Makalenko's theory of prospect education. At first, we find out the corresponding point between foreground education and ideal and belief education, and then explain the enlightenments in detail.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G631

【相似文献】