初中生领导力的调查研究

发布时间：2018-12-13 05:07

【摘要】：领导力是一个起源于西方的概念,随着历史的变迁、地区文化的不同、组织目标的变更,“领导力”的内涵也得到不同的发展和变化。到目前,越来越多的国家、组织和机构对这一概念产生兴趣,因此产生了许多关于领导力和领导力发展的书籍。自二十世纪以来,西方就开始了对领导力的研究,到八十年代,人们逐步意识到,领导力的培养不仅仅是精英群体,而是每一个人都需要发展和培养的。至此,美国等西方国家开始逐步关注学校教育中的领导力培养。而我国在学校教育中的领导力培养起步较晚,从现有的研究来看主要聚焦在大学生的领导力培养,对高中、初中乃至小学的领导力培养涉及很少,而领导力的培养是一个长期的过程,需要不同教育阶段的领导力培养形成合力。从学习的关键期理论来讲,初中阶段正是学生心理和生理发生快速变化,价值观的形成、知识技能掌握的重要阶段,当然也是培养初中生领导力的关键时期。无论是全面发展学生个体,辅助和支持国家的教育改革,还是培养适应未来、具有全球视野的领导型人才,初中生领导力的培养都非常重要。由于笔者的工作与学生干部相关,加之对初中生领导力培养的关注,因此决定对初中生领导力展开研究。那么初中生对领导力了解多少?是否具备一定的领导力?初中阶段的学生领导力现状究竟是怎么样的?带着这些疑问,笔者借鉴了国内外诸多研究者对领导力的见解,结合自己的看法,确定初中生领导力的结构。通过定量研究和定性研究相结合的方法对上海市徐汇区的初中生展开了领导力水平现状的调查研究,选取了3所学校的225位初中生进行了问卷调查,通过IBM SPSS Statistics22对调查问卷收集的数据信息进行问卷统计分析发现(1)区域内初中生领导力整体水平良好;(2)初中生领导力在各要素上的发展不平衡;(3)性别、独生子女、领导力经历等影响因素在领导力水平上存在显著差异。针对初中生领导力现状所揭示的问题,笔者选取了12位学生和3位教师进行了访谈,设计了访谈提纲,按照访谈提纲对这15位访谈对象进行了半结构式的访谈。通过对访谈记录的整理和分析,最后发现在初中生领导力培养中普遍存在以下问题:(1)我国在学生领导力方面的研究较少;(2)教师、学生、家长都缺乏对领导力教育的学习喝理解;(3)中小学缺乏与领导力相关的课程或培训;(4)学生领导力教育的社会资源缺乏。从上述问题中,进一步反应了初中生领导力培养的缺乏,这也是导致初中生领导力存在问题的原因之一。最后,笔者结合上述调查结果和研究发现,提出初中生领导力培养的几点想法和建议。(1)鼓励教师研究学生领导力;(2)提高师生领导力理论的学习;(3)搭建相关课程,夯实领导力教育;(4)引进社会资源,形成领导力培养的合力。
[Abstract]:Leadership is a concept originated from the West. With the change of history, regional culture and organizational goals, the connotation of "leadership" has been developed and changed. Up to now, more and more countries, organizations and institutions are interested in this concept, thus producing a lot of books on leadership and leadership development. Since the 20th century, the West has begun to study leadership. In the eighties, people gradually realized that the cultivation of leadership is not only the elite group, but everyone needs to develop and cultivate. At this point, the United States and other Western countries began to pay attention to the leadership in school education. However, the leadership training in school education in our country started relatively late. From the existing research, it mainly focuses on the leadership training of college students, and it involves very little in senior middle school, junior middle school and even primary school. The cultivation of leadership is a long-term process. From the key period theory of learning, the junior middle school stage is the important stage of students' psychological and physical changes, the formation of values, the mastery of knowledge and skills, as well as the key period of cultivating junior high school students' leadership. It is very important for junior high school students to develop their students in an all-round way, to assist and support the country's educational reform, or to cultivate leadership talents with a global perspective and adapt to the future. As the work of the author is related to student cadres and the focus on junior high school students' leadership training, it is decided to conduct research on junior high school students' leadership. So what do junior high school students know about leadership? Is there a certain amount of leadership? What is the current situation of junior high school students' leadership? With these questions, the author draws on the views of many researchers at home and abroad on leadership, combined with their own views, to determine the structure of junior high school students' leadership. Through the combination of quantitative and qualitative studies, this paper investigates the present situation of leadership level of junior high school students in Xuhui District, Shanghai, and selects 225 junior high school students from 3 schools to conduct a questionnaire survey. Through the IBM SPSS Statistics22 questionnaire data collected by the questionnaire statistical analysis found that (1) the overall level of junior high school students leadership in the region is good; (2) the development of junior middle school students' leadership is not balanced in each element, (3) there are significant differences in leadership level among gender, only child, leadership experience and other influencing factors. In view of the problems revealed by the present situation of junior high school students' leadership, the author selected 12 students and 3 teachers to conduct interviews, designed an interview outline, and conducted a semi-structured interview with the 15 subjects according to the interview outline. Through the collation and analysis of interview records, it is found that there are the following problems in the leadership training of junior high school students: (1) there are few researches on the leadership of students in our country; (2) the teachers, students and parents all lack the learning and understanding of leadership education; (3) the middle and primary schools lack the curriculum or training related to leadership; (4) the social resources of students' leadership education are lacking. From the above problems, it further reflects the lack of junior high school students' leadership training, which is one of the causes of junior high school students' leadership problems. Finally, based on the above findings and findings, the author puts forward some ideas and suggestions on leadership cultivation of junior high school students. (1) encouraging teachers to study students' leadership; (2) improving the learning of leadership theory of teachers and students; (3) to build relevant courses and consolidate leadership education; (4) to introduce social resources and form the resultant force of leadership training.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G635.5

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