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初中古诗词教学重难点及对策探究

发布时间:2018-12-14 04:52
【摘要】:中国古典诗词是初中语文教材的重要组成部分,是培养初中学生的审美意识和审美情趣,提升初中学生道德修养和精神情操的重要文献依托。它在帮助学生积累和丰富语言素材、吸收和传承中华民族优秀传统文化、培养人文精神等方面具有不可替代的作用,所以对古诗词教学中的重难点的把握就显得特别重要。与现代文教学、作文教学相比,古典诗词教学,由于时代久远造成初中学生对古代汉语语法、语序、语境理解力和分析力较弱,诗词愈是时代久远,学生理解愈是困难。古典诗词教学中的重点和难点的区分和应对即成为初中古诗词教学的重要分析对象。目前语文教学研究学术界对古典诗词重点与难点研究尚很薄弱,本文集中分析论证初中古典诗词教学的重点与难点的界定依据、分类取向和应对策略,旨在对初中古典诗词重点难点教学有所突破。本论文以2011版《义务教育初中语文课程标准》为指引,旨在初中古诗词教学中理清重难点,找到初中古诗词教学重难点的对策,对重难点针对性教学以期提高学生对学习古诗词的兴趣,提高学习效果,对于教师而言,分清重难点教学,可以对教学过程有所侧重,降低教学的盲目性以及减轻一些教学的负担。本论文总共分为五章。第一章是引言部分,主要从初中古诗词教学要求入手,对文献综述进行分类梳理,对古诗词教学重难点予以明确,以便有效地指导教师的教学。第二章主要是如何来界定初中古诗词重难点的,从新课标规定的教学要求、初中升学考试的要求、学生认知水平差异、教师素养水平不一等方面找出古诗词教学的重难点。第三章主要分析了目前古诗词教学中重难点现状及存在的问题。存在重点问题主要有:教师对文本的解读把握不准确,对诗歌主题思想挖掘不全面、不深入;存在的难点问题主要有:对诗歌中意象分析把握不透彻、抓扣不住诗词中的“字眼”。第四章主要是针对这些问题寻求一些解决的对策。从使用教学拓展资料弥补教材不足、教师自身用情感生华激发学生兴趣、教师通过学习积淀,化解其难点的难度等。综上分析得出如下结论:初中古诗词重难点产生的原因除了古代汉语语言、语法、语境的时代差异外,教材编排差异性、教师自身文学素养以及时代造成学生对古诗词关注和理解的困境。对初中古诗词重难点教学的应对、突破和革新在于现代多媒体语境下教学方法的生动活泼化、教师自身文学素养的提升与古典诗词的生活化。
[Abstract]:Chinese classical poetry is an important part of junior high school Chinese teaching materials, it is an important literature support to cultivate junior high school students' aesthetic consciousness and aesthetic taste, to promote junior high school students' moral accomplishment and spiritual sentiment. It plays an irreplaceable role in helping students accumulate and enrich language materials, absorb and inherit the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation, cultivate humanistic spirit and so on, so it is particularly important to grasp the important and difficult points in the teaching of ancient poetry. Compared with modern literature teaching and composition teaching, classical poetry teaching is more difficult for junior high school students to understand and analyze ancient Chinese grammar, word order, context understanding and analysis because of the long time. How to distinguish and deal with the key points and difficulties in the teaching of classical poetry has become an important analysis object in the teaching of ancient poetry in junior high school. At present, the research on Chinese teaching in academic circles is still very weak. This paper focuses on the definition basis, classification orientation and coping strategy of the emphasis and difficulty of classical poetry teaching in junior high school. The purpose of this paper is to break through the teaching of the key and difficult points of classical poetry in junior high school. Guided by the 2011 edition of the Chinese Curriculum Standard of compulsory Education in Junior High School, this paper aims at clearing out the heavy difficulties in the teaching of ancient poetry in junior high school and finding out the countermeasures of the heavy difficulties in the teaching of ancient poetry in junior high school. In order to improve the students' interest in learning ancient poetry and improve the learning effect, for teachers, to distinguish the important and difficult teaching, we can focus on the teaching process. Reduce the blindness of teaching and lighten the burden of some teaching. This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction part, which starts with the teaching requirements of ancient poetry in junior high school, classifies the literature review, and clarifies the important and difficult points in the teaching of ancient poetry in order to effectively guide the teaching of teachers. The second chapter is how to define the important and difficult points of the ancient poetry in junior high school, and find out the important difficulties in the teaching of ancient poetry from the aspects of the teaching requirements stipulated in the new curriculum standard, the requirements of junior high school entrance examination, the difference of students' cognitive level and the different level of teachers' accomplishment, etc. The third chapter mainly analyzes the present situation and existing problems in the teaching of ancient poetry. The main problems are as follows: the teachers' understanding of the text is not accurate, and the poetry theme is not fully excavated. There are some difficult problems: the analysis of imagery in poetry is not thorough, and the words in poetry can not be grasped. The fourth chapter is to seek some solutions to these problems. From the use of teaching development materials to make up for the lack of teaching materials, teachers themselves with emotion to stimulate the interest of students, teachers through the accumulation of learning to resolve the difficulty of its difficulties, and so on. The main conclusions are as follows: apart from the age differences of ancient Chinese language, grammar and context, the reasons for the difficulties in ancient poetry and poetry in junior high school are the differences in the arrangement of teaching materials, in addition to the differences in language, grammar and context in ancient Chinese. The teacher's own literary accomplishment and the times cause the students to pay attention to and understand the predicament of ancient poetry. The breakthrough and innovation in the teaching of ancient poetry and ci in junior high school lies in the lively teaching methods in the context of modern multimedia, the improvement of teachers' own literary literacy and the adaptation of classical poetry to life.
【学位授予单位】:信阳师范学院
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:G633.3

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