初中语文现代文汉字教学策略研究

发布时间：2019-03-14 16:13

【摘要】：《义务教育语文课程标准》(2011年版)在实施建议中的关于识字、写字与汉语拼音教学中指出“识字、写字是阅读和写作的基础,是第一学段的教学重点,也是贯穿整个义务教育阶段的重要教学内容。汉字教学是语文教学的起点和基础,通常在传统观念中汉字教学应该是小学阶段语文教学的重点任务,初中阶段不太重视。但是,如果汉字教学不仅仅是让学生能够认读汉字,并且还要让学生多方面的了解生字词“精于训诂”明白汉字所蕴含的意义及文化意蕴,这个任务就不是小学教学阶段可以承担完成的。因此,初中阶段的汉字教学依然重要。经过对初中生进行调查问卷和对一些初中一线语文教师的访谈发现,初中生在现代文汉字的学习过程中存在对汉字的字音字形字义掌握不牢固、汉字学习方法单一、汉字书写不工整规范、不了解相关汉字文化等问题。教师在进行现代文汉字教学时也出现了缺少汉字示范性板书和进行汉字文化讲解等汉字教学过程方面的问题。通过对这些问题进行分析,发现了导致这些问题出现的原因:师生的教学方法与观念存在偏误、现代汉字本身所具有的繁难性质、学生不良的书写习惯以及社会生活中存在汉字的错误诱导现象。针对这些问题和导致这些问题存在的一些深层次的原因,本文提出了一些现代文汉字教学策略。首先,运用汉语认知规律对现代文汉字进行全方位教学,通过对汉字进行部件分析、分析词性和意义、建立音义联系、鼓励学生进行汉字的自主拓展学习等方法来进行现代文汉字字形、字音、字义的教学。其次,运用计算机辅助汉字笔顺教学和在田字格中进行书写示范等多种教学方法规范学生的汉字书写,通过开设汉字文化专题课、选修课或者随文教学的方式对学生进行汉字文化讲解。最后,可以综合利用汉字听写比赛等辅助性教学方法来激发学生对现代文汉字学习的兴趣。
[Abstract]:The Chinese Curriculum Standards for compulsory Education (2011 Edition) in the implementation of the recommendations on literacy, writing and Chinese pinyin teaching pointed out that "Literacy, writing is the basis of reading and writing, is the teaching focus of the first paragraph," It is also an important teaching content that runs through the whole compulsory education stage. The teaching of Chinese characters is the starting point and foundation of Chinese teaching. Usually, the teaching of Chinese characters should be the key task of Chinese teaching in primary school, but it should not be paid much attention to in junior middle school. However, if the teaching of Chinese characters is not only to enable students to read Chinese characters, but also to make them understand the meaning and cultural implication of Chinese characters in many aspects, the new word "excellent in exegesis" is used to understand the meaning and cultural implication of Chinese characters. This task is not the primary school teaching stage can undertake to complete. Therefore, the teaching of Chinese characters in junior high school is still important. Through the survey of junior middle school students and interviews with some Chinese teachers in junior middle school, it is found that in the course of learning modern Chinese characters, junior high school students do not have a firm grasp of the phonological meaning of Chinese characters, and the learning methods of Chinese characters are single. Chinese characters writing is not standard, do not understand the culture of Chinese characters and other issues. In the teaching of modern Chinese characters, there are some problems in the teaching of Chinese characters, such as the lack of Chinese character demonstration board and the explanation of Chinese characters culture. Through the analysis of these problems, the causes of these problems are found: the teachers and students' teaching methods and concepts are biased, and the complicated nature of modern Chinese characters themselves is found. The students' bad writing habits and the wrong induction of Chinese characters exist in social life. In view of these problems and some deep-seated reasons leading to these problems, this paper puts forward some teaching strategies of modern Chinese characters. First of all, using the Chinese cognitive law to carry on the all-round teaching to the modern text Chinese character, through carries on the component analysis to the Chinese character, analyzes the part of speech and the meaning, establishes the sound meaning connection, Encourage the students to carry on the Chinese character independent expansion study and so on to carry on the modern text Chinese character shape, the character pronunciation, the character meaning teaching. Secondly, various teaching methods, such as computer-aided teaching of Chinese characters and demonstration of writing in Tian style, are used to standardize students' writing of Chinese characters, and special courses on Chinese characters culture are offered. Elective courses or text-based teaching methods to explain the culture of Chinese characters to the students. Finally, the auxiliary teaching methods such as Chinese character dictation competition can be used to stimulate students' interest in learning modern Chinese characters.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3

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