新课改背景下中学历史兴趣教学现状调查及优化策略研究

发布时间：2019-03-20 14:53

【摘要】：我国基础教育改革已经进行了十多年,2014年我国首次提出“核心素养”的概念,并将学生核心素养的培养置于未来基础教育改革之魂的地位。由此我们可以看出,新形势下历史教育已经开始从知识本位到学生素养发展本位的转型,更加关注发挥学生的主体性、能动性与参与性,关注学生解决历史实际问题的能力,试图激发学生学习历史的兴趣。但在实际教学中,一些教师仍然以知识的传授为主,课程资源选择单一,教学方法单一,造成学生对历史课程不感兴趣,何谈历史学科核心素养的培养。又或者一些教师已经开展兴趣教学,但却忽视对学生的引导,没有落实教学目标。因此,当前历史教师要开始着眼于转变教学方式,循循善诱的调动学生的学习兴趣,将兴趣与顺应教学要求结合起来。帮助学生在不断地学习中保持积极性,否则缺乏学习兴趣的学生,上课只能是被动的学习,枯燥的感受教师的整个教学过程。本文以新的课程改革为契机,立足于核心素养提出的新形势下,探讨中学历史兴趣教学现状及优化策略。通过在河南郑州四中、安阳一中、原阳县高级实验中学,发放调查问卷,发现和归纳当前中学历史兴趣教学现状。并结合平时实习的观察总结当前中学兴趣教学实施过程中的一些问题,提出优化的策略:一是对当前历史教材的整合和设计,加强教材故事性,条理性;二是采用灵活多变的教学方法,运用生动有趣的导入来吸引学生的注意力,开发历史实物史料、运用并挖掘乡土教材;三是充分利用教学过程中的情感因素,激发学生的学习热情。深入研究和探讨如何提升教师专业素养,培养学生学习历史兴趣,将兴趣教学的方法引入到历史课堂,用“核心素养”去指导中学兴趣教学已经是大势所趋。在激发学生兴趣的同时,还要注意将学生不断增长的好奇心、积极的情感与知识进行不断循环,巩固持久的兴趣。兴趣教学的优化策略研究对当前中学新教师或是老教师都具有一定的现实意义。兴趣教学是一个永不过时的话题,设法激发、培养、维持学生的学习兴趣是每一位教学工作者都值得努力的方向。
[Abstract]:The reform of basic education in China has been carried out for more than ten years. In 2014, the concept of "core literacy" was first put forward in China, and the cultivation of students' core literacy was placed in the position of the soul of the future reform of basic education. From this, we can see that under the new situation, history education has begun to transform from knowledge standard to student literacy development standard, paying more attention to giving play to students' subjectivity, initiative and participation, and paying attention to students' ability to solve historical practical problems. Try to arouse students' interest in learning history. However, in practical teaching, some teachers still focus on the transfer of knowledge, the choice of curriculum resources is single, the teaching method is single, resulting in students not interested in the history curriculum, how to talk about the cultivation of the core literacy of history discipline. Or some teachers have been interested in teaching, but ignored the guidance to students, did not implement the teaching objectives. Therefore, the current history teachers should focus on the change of teaching methods, arouse the students' interest in learning, combine the interest and comply with the teaching requirements. To help students keep their enthusiasm in continuous learning, otherwise the students who lack interest in learning can only learn passively in class and experience the whole teaching process of the teacher. This article takes the new curriculum reform as the opportunity, bases on the new situation that the core accomplishment puts forward, probes into the present situation and the optimization strategy of the history interest teaching in the middle school. In Henan Zhengzhou No. 4 Middle School, Anyang No. 1 Middle School, Yuanyang County Advanced Experimental Middle School, a questionnaire was issued to find and sum up the current situation of history interest teaching in middle schools. Combined with the observation of ordinary practice, this paper summarizes some problems in the implementation of the current middle school interest teaching, and puts forward some optimization strategies: first, the integration and design of the current history teaching materials, the strengthening of the story of the teaching materials, the organization of the teaching materials; The second is to use flexible teaching methods, using vivid and interesting introduction to attract students' attention, to develop historical material, and to use and excavate local teaching materials; The third is to make full use of the emotional factors in the teaching process to stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning. It is an inevitable trend to study and discuss how to improve teachers' professional literacy, cultivate students' interest in learning history, introduce the method of interest teaching into history class, and use "core literacy" to guide middle school interest teaching. While arousing students' interest, we should pay attention to constantly circulating students' growing curiosity, positive feelings and knowledge, and consolidating lasting interests. The research on the optimization strategy of interest teaching is of practical significance to both the new teachers and the old teachers in middle schools. Interest teaching is a topic that is never out of date. It is a worthy direction for every teaching worker to try to stimulate, cultivate and maintain students' interest in learning.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.51

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