西安市基础教育均衡发展研究

发布时间：2019-05-17 22:28

【摘要】：基础教育的均衡发展是我国当前教育发展的战略任务和目标。西安市基础教育在多年的发展历程中,大致经历了前期的摸索、到逐步发展、再到期望实现完全落实这几个阶段。西安市已实现九年义务教育制多年,但受历史和现实方面的制约,基础教育的失衡现象还是较为突出,在不同地区有不同的表现,受到人们的广泛关注。全面落实基础教育均衡发展是党和国家对基础教育发展提出的方向性和制度性要求,是各级政府义不容辞的责任与使命。西安市教育均衡发展是陕西省基础教育均衡发展的关键。如果西安市的基础教育不能做到均衡发展,那陕西省的均衡发展就不会实现,更不用说全国的均衡发展了。该文主要是从以下几部分展开。第一部分论述的是基础教育均衡发展的研究背景、研究意义、发展现状、典型的分析以及对本文创新之处的论述。本文运用了个案研究,比较研究、数据分析法等研究方法。第二部分则是建立在教育均衡发展和人的自由全面发展的基础上,深入探讨基础教育均衡发展的公平性。第三部分通过对区域差异、城乡差异及校际差异三个方面运用数据、图表等方式,进行论述,来引出并分析西安市基础教育均衡发展的新问题。第四部分通过学校布局不均衡、师资力量配置不均、学生分布不均衡三方面对西安市基础教育失衡的原因作出分析。第五部分针对上述现状及原因,对西安市教育均衡发展提出具体对策和建议。中小学布局的调整,根据实情,分区划分、分类指导,人才的正常分流等方式都是可以促进基础教育均衡发展的方式。第六部分是结论。简而言之,基础教育的均衡发展意义重大。它不仅能促进人的全面发展和社会的公平正义,同时是满足人民群众需要、维护人民群众利益的根本。大力促进西安市基础教育的均衡发展,不仅有利于提高陕西省的整体文化水平和人民素质,更能深入地通过教育的发展带动经济、文化等一系列的进步。陕西省教育厅,西安市教育局等各级政府都下发了许多关于教育均衡发展的文件、通知等,内容涉及划分“大学区”、城镇“结对帮扶”等方面。政府的各项行为都是在有力地推动西安市基础教育均衡发展的步伐。随着一系列政策的推出,西安市“大学区”管理发展机制已基本确立、政府投入力度不断加大、师资队伍得以显著提升、教育均衡化水平明显提升。同时,政府又因其自身存在的问题使得西安市教育均衡发展在落实的过程中有了折扣。公办院校与民办院校差距拉大,城乡建设规划使得村小逐步被替代等问题也逐渐暴露出来。进入新世纪以来,随着九年义务教育普及目标的完成,如何促进基础教育的均衡发展,实现人的自由全面发展以及教育的公平公正,已成为西安市基础教育事业发展所面临的新矛盾、新问题和新挑战,同时也成为了新时期党和政府既定的战略目标和要求。
[Abstract]:The balanced development of basic education is the strategic task and goal of the current educational development in our country. Xi'an basic education in the course of many years of development, roughly experienced the early stage of exploration, to the gradual development, and then to the expectation of full implementation of these stages. Xi'an has realized nine-year compulsory education system for many years, but restricted by history and reality, the imbalance of basic education is still more prominent, there are different manifestations in different regions, and people pay more and more attention to it. Carrying out the balanced development of basic education in an all-round way is the directional and institutional requirement of the party and the state for the development of basic education, and it is the duty and mission of governments at all levels to carry out the balanced development of basic education in an all-round way. The balanced development of Xi'an education is the key to the balanced development of basic education in Shaanxi Province. If the basic education in Xi'an can not achieve balanced development, then the balanced development of Shaanxi Province will not be achieved, not to mention the balanced development of the whole country. This paper is mainly developed from the following parts. The first part discusses the research background, research significance, development status, typical analysis and discussion of the innovation of basic education. This paper uses case study, comparative study, data analysis and other research methods. The second part is based on the balanced development of education and the free and all-round development of human beings, and deeply discusses the fairness of the balanced development of basic education. The third part introduces and analyzes the new problems of the balanced development of basic education in Xi'an by using data, charts and other ways to discuss the regional differences, urban-rural differences and inter-school differences. The fourth part analyzes the causes of the imbalance of basic education in Xi'an from three aspects: the unbalanced layout of schools, the uneven allocation of teachers and the unbalanced distribution of students. The fifth part puts forward some concrete countermeasures and suggestions for the balanced development of education in Xi'an according to the above situation and reasons. The adjustment of the layout of primary and secondary schools, according to the reality, division, classification guidance, normal diversion of talents and other ways can promote the balanced development of basic education. The sixth part is the conclusion. In short, the balanced development of basic education is of great significance. It can not only promote the all-round development of human beings and social fairness and justice, but also meet the needs of the people and safeguard the interests of the people. Vigorously promoting the balanced development of basic education in Xi'an can not only improve the overall cultural level and people's quality in Shaanxi Province, but also drive a series of economic and cultural progress through the development of education. The Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education, Xi'an Education Bureau and other governments at all levels have issued a lot of documents and notices on the balanced development of education, including the division of "university areas" and the "twinning and supporting" of cities and towns. All the actions of the government are effectively promoting the balanced development of basic education in Xi'an. With the introduction of a series of policies, the management and development mechanism of "University District" in Xi'an has been basically established, the government investment has been continuously increased, the teaching staff has been significantly improved, and the level of education equilibrium has been obviously improved. At the same time, because of its own problems, the balanced development of Xi'an education has been reduced in the process of implementation. The gap between public colleges and private colleges and universities is widening, and the urban and rural construction planning has gradually exposed the problems such as the gradual substitution of village children. Since the beginning of the new century, with the completion of the goal of popularizing nine-year compulsory education, how to promote the balanced development of basic education, realize the free and all-round development of human beings and the fairness and justice of education, It has become a new contradiction, new problem and new challenge in the development of basic education in Xi'an, and it has also become the established strategic goal and requirement of the party and the government in the new period.
【学位授予单位】：西安工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G639.2

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