基于产品生命周期的溴系阻燃剂企业环境成本管理研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 19:34

本文选题：产品生命周期　切入点：溴系阻燃剂企业　出处：《石家庄铁道大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来我国重大火灾事件频发，很大一部分原因是易燃塑料材料在建筑、电子等行业的广泛应用，这就推动了作为塑料的主要添加剂的阻燃剂行业的发展。阻燃剂又称难燃剂，其阻燃原理为遇火温度上升时发生分解，使燃烧物迅速燃尽、或降低温度、隔断氧气等，来破坏掉燃烧必需的温度、氧气或可燃物质等一个或几个条件，从而达到阻燃目的或者减缓材料的燃烧速度，给火灾救援提供时间。根据不同类型阻燃剂中发挥阻燃性能的基团不同，可以将阻燃剂主要划分为有机阻燃剂和无机阻燃剂两大类。研究表明，有机阻燃剂的亲和性优于无机阻燃剂，其中又以溴系阻燃剂表现最为突出。溴系阻燃剂企业产品种类繁多，相应的生产工艺和所需原材料也众多，且“三废”数量大、种类多，因此从生产设计到原材料采购、生产、销售，以及后来的回收处置，每个环节都会出现大量的环境成本。这就需要将整个产品生命周期的环境成本管理引入到溴系阻燃剂生产中。本文主要是在生命周期思想指导下，通过对溴系阻燃剂企业各个环节的环境成本进行管理来实现企业经济效益和环境效益的最大化。首先，分析溴系阻燃剂企业环境成本管理面临的问题，并对基于产品生命周期的环境成本管理目标及管理方法等进行论述。其次，阐述了基于产品生命周期的环境成本管理的相关理论基础。第三，通过建立模型并结合实例，研究了溴系阻燃剂生产企业环境成本管理的决策方案选择问题。最后，，对基于产品生命周期思想的溴系阻燃剂企业环境成本管理问题的研究进行了总结，并对企业环境成本管理研究的前景进行了展望。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the frequent occurrence of major fire incidents in China is due in large part to the widespread application of flammable plastic materials in the construction, electronics and other industries. This has promoted the development of the flame retardant industry, which is the main additive of plastics. Flame retardants are also called flammable agents. The principle of flame retardancy is to decompose when the fire temperature rises, so that the burning matter will burn up quickly, or lower the temperature, cut off the oxygen, and so on, to destroy one or more conditions such as the necessary temperature, oxygen or combustible material, etc. In order to achieve the purpose of flame retardation or slow down the burning rate of materials, and to provide time for fire rescue, according to the different groups in different types of flame retardants, The flame retardants can be divided into two categories: organic flame retardants and inorganic flame retardants. The results show that the affinity of organic flame retardants is better than that of inorganic flame retardants. Among them, bromine flame retardants are the most outstanding. The enterprises of bromine flame retardants have a wide variety of products, many corresponding production processes and required raw materials, and the "three wastes" are large in quantity and variety. Therefore, from production design to raw material procurement, production, Sales, and later recycling, will result in significant environmental costs for each link, which requires the introduction of environmental cost management throughout the product life cycle into the production of brominated flame retardants. In this paper, under the guidance of life cycle thought, the environmental cost of each link of bromine flame retardant enterprises is managed to maximize the economic and environmental benefits of enterprises. The problems of environmental cost management in bromine flame retardant enterprises are analyzed, and the objectives and methods of environmental cost management based on product life cycle are discussed. This paper expounds the relevant theoretical basis of environmental cost management based on product life cycle. Thirdly, by establishing a model and combining with an example, the decision options for environmental cost management in bromine flame retardant manufacturing enterprises are studied. The research on environmental cost management of bromine flame retardant enterprises based on product life cycle is summarized, and the prospect of environmental cost management in enterprises is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄铁道大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X322;F406.72;F426.72

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