盈利目标激励对成本粘性的影响

发布时间：2018-05-10 08:05

本文选题：盈利目标激励 + 成本粘性　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：成本粘性(sticky cost)是近年来成本管理领域的研究热点之一,它指的是当成本随着业务量的变动而变动时,其业务量增加时的成本增加量大于业务量等额减少时的成本减少量。企业成本粘性的影响因素包括调整成本、管理者乐观预期和代理问题三个方面,并可以从契约观、效率观和机会主义观这三个视角对其进行理论解释。成本粘性的出现使我们认识到,与以往管理会计中的线性模型不同,管理者的成本管理行为会对成本产生影响,使其不再是随着业务量的变动而机械地同比例变动。然而由于管理者在做出成本管理决策时会考虑自身利益,进而从事自利活动,对成本粘性产生影响。因此,为了更深入地了解管理者的成本管理行为,我们有必要进行企业管理者行为与成本粘性之间的关系研究,这也有助于企业设计出更为合理高效的管理机制。本文从管理激励的角度出发,通过理论分析和实证检验两方面研究了盈利目标激励对企业成本粘性的影响,这对于充分认识管理者资源调整决策背后的自利动机,合理设定激励目标,控制成本粘性意义重大。本文首先对国内外关于成本粘性的相关研究进行梳理,总结出成本粘性的成因、特征、影响因素及研究意义,在此基础上指出当前研究的不足,进而提出本文的切入点和研究思路。然后基于国内外已有研究成果和我国资本市场的特点,从管理者行为角度提出支撑本文实证研究的基础理论,在此基础上将盈利目标激励分为避免亏损的激励、避免盈余下降的激励以及交替激励(即避免亏损或避免盈余下降的各种激励措施)研究具体因素对成本粘性的影响,循序渐进地提出了本文的假设。接着定义了自变量、因变量和控制变量,在ABJ(2003)模型的基础上逐步加入自变量及控制变量构建出多元线性回归模型,并选择了我国上市非金融企业2000-2012年数据进行实证分析。研究结果表明:(1)我国上市企业存在成本粘性;(2)当存在盈利目标激励时,成本粘性的程度会降低;(3)当业务量下降时,盈利目标激励的存在导致管理者更大幅度地削减资源,从而降低了成本粘性程度;(4)前期的盈利目标激励会增加成本粘性程度,本期的盈利目标激励降低了成本粘性程度,而连续两期都存在盈利目标激励时,成本粘性变化不大;(5)当管理者对未来需求预期乐观时,盈利目标激励的存在降低了成本粘性的程度;而当管理者对未来需求预期悲观时,盈利目标激励的存在导致了成本反粘性。本文的创新点主要表现在:(1)研究的首创性。本文首次研究了盈利目标激励对成本粘性的影响,从根源上指出盈利目标激励与管理者自利的关系;(2)样本的广泛性。本文选取我国上市公司2000-2012年的年度财务数据作为样本进行研究,期间较长,具有较好的样本广泛性;(3)研究的实用性。本文的研究为管理者进行成本管理决策提供理论依据和参考,有助于股东采取恰当的激励方式,设定合适的激励目标,将成本粘性控制在合理的范围内。
[Abstract]:Cost Stickiness (sticky cost) is one of the hotspots in the field of cost management in recent years. It refers to the cost increase when the cost increases as the volume of business changes, and the cost increase when the volume of business increases is greater than the reduction in the amount of business equivalent. There are three aspects of agency problem, which can be explained theoretically from the three perspectives of contract view, efficiency view and opportunism view. The appearance of Cost Stickiness makes us realize that, unlike the linear model in the past management accounting, the manager's cost management behavior will affect the cost production, and make it no longer change with the volume of business. However, it is necessary to study the relationship between managers' behavior and Cost Stickiness in order to understand the cost management behavior of managers in order to understand the cost management behavior more deeply. From the perspective of management incentive, this paper studies the influence of profit target incentive on Enterprise Cost Stickiness from the perspective of management motivation, through two aspects of theoretical analysis and empirical test, which is to fully understand the self-interest motive behind the manager's resource adjustment decision, set the incentive target and control it. This paper first analyzes the related research on Cost Stickiness at home and abroad, summarizes the causes, characteristics, influence factors and research significance of cost stickiness, and points out the shortage of current research on this basis, and then puts forward the breakthrough point and research way of research, and then based on the existing research results at home and abroad and our national capital. The characteristics of this market, from the perspective of managers' behavior, put forward the basic theory to support this empirical study. On this basis, profit target incentive is divided into incentive to avoid loss, to avoid the incentive of earnings decline and to study the effect of specific factors on the Cost Stickiness of the alternative incentive (namely, the various excitations of avoiding loss or avoiding the decline of earnings). The hypothesis of this paper is put forward step by step. Then the independent variable is defined, and the multivariate linear regression model is constructed by adding independent variables and control variables on the basis of ABJ (2003) model, and the 2000-2012 year data of non-financial enterprises listed in China are selected for empirical analysis. The results show that: (1) our country is on the basis of empirical analysis. The city enterprise has the Cost Stickiness; (2) the degree of Cost Stickiness will be reduced when there is a profit target incentive. (3) when the volume of business falls, the existence of profit target motivate the managers to reduce the resources more substantially, thus reducing the degree of Cost Stickiness; (4) the initial profit target incentive will increase the cost stickiness, the profit goal of this period. The standard incentive reduces the cost stickiness, and the Cost Stickiness changes little when there are two consecutive periods of profit target incentive. (5) when the manager is optimistic about the future demand, the existence of profit target incentive reduces the degree of Cost Stickiness; and when the manager is pessimistic about the future, the existence of profit target incentive is caused by the manager. The innovation points of this paper are mainly manifested in: (1) the initiative of the study. This paper first studies the effect of profit target incentive on cost stickiness, and points out the relationship between the motivation of profit target and the self-interest of the manager from the root; (2) the universality of the sample. This paper selects the annual financial data of our company for 2000-2012 years as a sample. The study has a long period and has a good sample wide range; (3) the practicability of the study. This study provides a theoretical basis and reference for managers to make a cost management decision. It is helpful for shareholders to adopt appropriate incentive methods, set appropriate incentive targets, and control the Cost Stickiness within a reasonable range.

【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F275.3

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