科技人力资源对科技创新绩效的影响:基于企业和高校机构的比较

发布时间：2018-02-20 05:58

本文关键词： 科技创新绩效科技人力资源产学研关系万众创新　出处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：随着创新驱动发展战略提出,科技人力资源作为科技创新活动的载体受到更多重视。科技人力资源在创新活动中分为2类,以企业为代表的全面开发型与以高校和科研机构为代表的专职研究型,两类是否对科技创新绩效都产生影响以及影响的大小如何,决定着科技创新资源与政策资源的分配有效性。对中国除西藏外30个省市自治区2011—2014年的数据,使用固定效应模型进行分析,结果发现:(1)高校和科研机构的科技人力资源数量对科技创新绩效的促进作用更显著;(2)企业对科技创新绩效的促进主要体现在企业之间的相互竞争中;(3)科技创新绩效是"博采众长"的结果,而非仅依靠少数优秀研究人员;(4)政策引导对经济发达水平的区域具有正向作用。提出如下政策建议:(1)扩大科研人员队伍,加强高校和机构的队伍建设;(2)完善市场竞争机制,促进企业之间的良性竞争;(3)重视基层创新能力,激发"万众创新"的积极性;(4)适应各省发展特点,优化对科技创新活动的政策引导。
[Abstract]:With the development strategy driven by innovation, more attention has been paid to scientific and technological human resources as the carrier of scientific and technological innovation activities. Whether the full development type, represented by enterprises, and the full-time research type represented by universities and scientific research institutions have an impact on the performance of scientific and technological innovation, and what is the impact on the performance of science and technology innovation? This paper analyzes the data of 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions except Tibet in 2011-2014, using the fixed effect model to analyze the effectiveness of the allocation of science and technology innovation resources and policy resources. The results show that: 1) the quantity of scientific and technological human resources in universities and scientific research institutions has a more significant effect on the performance of scientific and technological innovation. 2) the promotion of enterprises' performance of scientific and technological innovation is mainly reflected in the competition among enterprises. 3) the achievements of scientific and technological innovation. The effect is the result of "learning from the masses". Instead of relying only on a few excellent researchers, the policy guidance has a positive effect on regions with developed economic levels. The following policy recommendations are put forward: 1) to expand the ranks of scientific research personnel, and to strengthen the team building of universities and institutions. (2) to improve the market competition mechanism. To promote the benign competition among enterprises (3) to attach importance to the innovation ability of grass-roots units, to stimulate the enthusiasm of "numerous innovations" (4) to adapt to the development characteristics of the provinces, and to optimize the policy guidance for scientific and technological innovation activities.
【作者单位】：西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院;
【基金】：中国科学技术协会项目(2017KJST004) 中央基本科研业务费项目(SK20160003)
【分类号】：F273.1;G322

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