我国高等教育就业人员的过度教育问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-20 20:00

本文关键词： 过度教育影响因素收入效应 Ologit回归模型分位数回归模型　出处：《浙江工商大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：教育能够促进入的全面发展和经济的繁荣,进而提升国民的素质,实现社会的进步。改革开放以来,我国教育事业逐渐发展壮大。但是,由于劳动市场上人力资源配置不均衡、各单位部门以及各行业对在职人员的职业要求,导致了过度教育现象的发生,且有愈演愈烈的趋势。本文中研究的是高等教育在职人员的过度教育现象,依据其教育程度与其职业所需教育程度的要求来判断该在职人员是否为过度教育者。为了更清晰地了解近几年过度教育的变化趋势,本文利用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2003至2013年的数据,从个人特征、地区特征、单位类型、行业类型四个方面对受过高等教育的调查者的过度教育状况进行测度,并建立Ologit回归模型分析个人特征、单位类型以及行业类型对过度教育的影响。此外,本文还通过分位数回归模型研究过度教育对高等教育就业人员工资收入的影响。通过以上分析研究得出以下结论:(1)高等教育就业人员的过度教育状况在个人特征、地区特征、单位特征和行业特征中存在显著差异。研究结果表明,过度教育者趋向于年轻化;女性就业人员的过度教育比重比男性就业人员高;与中部地区和西部地区相比,东部地区的过度教育比重最高;在不同的单位类型中,企业中高等教育就业人员的过度教育情况最为严重;在各行各业中,流通部门内各行业的过度教育现象较为严重。(2)过度教育的各影响因素中,教育年限和工作经验的影响较为显著:教育年限越长,发生过度教育的可能性越大;工作年限越长,发生过度教育的可能性越小;相对于流通部门内的各行业而言,金融业等为生产生活服务的行业和科教文卫各行业内的在职人员发生过度教育的可能性较小。(3)不同程度的过度教育对就业人员的工资收入水平都存在负向的影响,与轻度过度教育和中度过度教育的就业人员相比,严重过度教育者的工资收入水平是三者中最低的。
[Abstract]:Education can promote the all-round development of entry and the prosperity of economy, and then improve the quality of the people and realize the progress of the society. Since the reform and opening up, the educational undertakings in our country have gradually developed and grown. However, due to the imbalance in the allocation of human resources in the labor market, The professional requirements of all units and professions to the in-service personnel have led to the phenomenon of over-education, and there is a growing trend. In this paper, we study the phenomenon of over-education of the in-service staff of higher education. In order to understand more clearly the changing trend of over-education in recent years, we can judge whether the in-service person is an overeducated person according to their educational level and the educational level required by their profession. Based on the data of China Comprehensive Social Survey (CGSS) from 2003 to 2013, this paper measures the overeducation status of highly educated investigators from four aspects: personal characteristics, regional characteristics, unit types, and industry types. Ologit regression model was established to analyze the influence of individual characteristics, unit type and industry type on overeducation. This paper also studies the effect of overeducation on the wage income of the employed persons in higher education by quantile regression model. Through the above analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: 1) the overeducation situation of the employed persons in higher education is characterized by their personal and regional characteristics. There are significant differences between unit characteristics and industry characteristics. The results show that overeducators tend to be younger, that the proportion of women employed is higher than that of male employees, and that compared with the central and western regions, The proportion of over-education in the eastern region is the highest; among the different unit types, the employment of higher education in enterprises is the most serious; in various industries, (2) among the factors affecting overeducation, the length of education and work experience are more significant: the longer the years of education, the greater the likelihood of overeducation; the longer the number of years of work, The less likely it is to overeducate; relative to the industries in the distribution sector, The financial industry and other industries serving for production, education, culture, and health are less likely to overeducate employees in various industries.) different degrees of overeducation have a negative impact on the wage and income levels of employed people. Compared with the employed persons with mild overeducation and moderate education, the wage income of severe overeducation is the lowest of the three.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G40-05

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