基于Node.js的团队协作工具的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-05-05 01:02

本文选题：软件开发团队 + 看板管理方法　；参考：《东南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：市场发展推动软件需求的变更。在软件开发过程中,面临频繁变化的软件需求和越来越迫切的交付周期,软件开发团队在整体协同工作中往往面临着团队内部信息不透明、成员间缺乏沟通、任务进度跟踪困难、工作瓶颈不能及时发现,以及因此而带来的人力资源和时间资源的浪费等问题,这导致团队整体工作效率低、及时交付困难。为了解决这些问题,本文结合企业实践,对企业采用的看板管理方式进行了详细的分析、调研和总结,并基于看板管理的三大特性——可视化、限制在制品和管理流动,设计和实现了一种新型团队协作工具,帮助团队在不改变现有管理结构的基础上使用更加简便的方法管理团队内部的各项任务。本文的团队协作工具在功能结构设计上,以团队为组织单位共同维护一块任务板,将所有的任务以卡片的形式展示在一张面板上,同时卡片设计采用颜色、头像、图标等方式进行信息的可视化展现,以此实现团队中任务的可视化管理和信息共享,促进团队成员之间的沟通;同时通过对任务板划分泳道来实现工作流程的映射,分析团队中的工作瓶颈,及时发现问题;根据利特尔法则提出限制在制品的策略,以保证各项工作可以在系统中快速流动,提高整体工作效率,实现及时交付。最后,通过设计并实现看板管理的度量数据统计模型,帮助团队对整体工作质量和改进效果进行评估,从而推动团队作业的有效完成。基于团队协作工具的需求分析,决定将团队协作工具实现为SPA单页面应用程序。AngularJS是最适合实现SPA的mwm框架,Node.js能够很好地处理SPA中大量的异步请求,同时MongoDB的无模式文档存储方式刚好对应JavaScript对象可以自由扩展的特性,因此在技术的选择上采用了全栈JavaScript开发技术,能够保证实现应用程序的可扩展性、移植性和兼容性。目前,团队协作工具已经达到了预期的设计目标,在实际应用中,该工具的应用使得团队的工作效率显著提高,解决了团队中由于信息不共享、缺乏沟通等原因造成的任务职责不清、工作项堆积、多人重复工作、瓶颈问题不能及时暴露等问题,逐渐实现可持续的及时交付。
[Abstract]:Market development drives changes in software requirements. In the process of software development, the software development team is faced with frequent changes in software requirements and more and more urgent delivery cycle. In the overall collaborative work, the software development team often faces the lack of transparency of information within the team and the lack of communication among members. It is difficult to track the progress of the task, the bottleneck of work can not be found in time, and the waste of human resources and time resources caused by the problem, which leads to the overall work efficiency of the team is low, and the timely delivery is difficult. In order to solve these problems, this paper analyzes, investigates and summarizes the Kanban management methods adopted by enterprises, and based on the three characteristics of Kanban management-visualization, restrictions on in-process and management flow. A new team collaboration tool is designed and implemented to help the team manage tasks within the team in a simpler way without changing the existing management structure. In this paper, the team collaboration tool in the functional structure design, with the team as the organizational unit to maintain a task board, will all tasks in the form of a card display on a panel, while the card design using color, avatar, Visual display of information such as icons, so as to achieve visual management and information sharing in the team, promote team members to communicate; at the same time, divide the task board into swimming lanes to achieve workflow mapping, The bottleneck of the work in the team is analyzed and the problem is found in time. According to Little's rule, the strategy of restricting the WIP is put forward to ensure that the work can flow quickly in the system, improve the overall work efficiency and realize the timely delivery. Finally, by designing and implementing the statistical model of measurement data of Kanban management, it helps the team to evaluate the overall work quality and the effect of improvement, so as to promote the effective completion of team work. Based on the requirements analysis of the team collaboration tool, it was decided that the team collaboration tool should be implemented as a SPA single-page application. Angular JS is the most suitable mwm framework for implementing SPA. Node.js can handle a large number of asynchronous requests in SPA. At the same time, the storage mode of MongoDB's schema-free document corresponds to the characteristic that JavaScript objects can be freely extended, so the whole stack JavaScript development technology is adopted in the choice of technology, which can guarantee the extensibility, portability and compatibility of application programs. At present, the team collaboration tool has achieved the expected design goal. In practical application, the application of the tool has significantly improved the efficiency of the team, and solved the problem of non-sharing of information in the team. Due to the lack of communication, such problems as unclear responsibilities, accumulation of work items, repeated work by many people, and lack of timely exposure of bottleneck problems, sustainable and timely delivery is gradually realized.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP311.52

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