自闭症儿童家庭积极贡献现状及其与社会支持的关系研究
发布时间：2018-11-11 19:20
【摘要】：国内相关研究指出自闭症儿童家庭面临着比正常儿童和其他残障儿童家庭更大的压力,其父母的身心健康程度低,生活质量水平不高,这从侧面暗示着自闭症儿童是导致整个家庭负面产出的“根源”。然而自闭症儿童的出现虽然会给家庭带来挑战,但是我们并不能因此而抹灭他们为家庭所做出的积极改变。为了更为全面去了解自闭症儿童在家庭产出(Family Outcome)中所做出的积极努力,我们需要了解自闭症儿童对整个家庭的积极贡献情况、影响因素和社会支持状况,从而促进积极的家庭产出。本研究使用自编的《自闭症儿童家庭积极贡献问卷》和张美云修订的《社会支持量表》对重庆、湖南、广东共337名0-12岁自闭症儿童的家长进行相关问卷调查,同时选取15名自闭症儿童家长进行深度访谈,了解自闭症儿童对家庭所带来的积极影响。本研究使用SPSS21对相关数据进行独立T检验、单因素方差分析、相关分析和逐步回归分析后其研究结果如下:1.自编《自闭症儿童家庭积极贡献问卷》包括工作发展、幸福感与成就感、通过经历了解到特殊知识、社会关系的扩展、个人成长和成熟、更易理解生活的意义6个维度。问卷总体信度是0.94,各维度信度在0.658-0.886之间;问卷各维度相关系数在0.446-0.726之间,各维度与问卷总体之间相关系数在0.709-0.898之间,各维度之间中度相关,各维度与积极贡献之间高度相关。2.自闭症儿童家庭积极贡献处于中等水平。城乡、父母文化程度、父母就业情况、家庭月收入、儿童性别、障碍程度六个因素对自闭症儿童家庭积极贡献有显著影响。父母性别、家庭形态、父母子女数、发现儿童障碍年龄、主要照顾者、就读学校性质对家庭积极贡献皆没有显著影响。3.自闭症儿童家庭社会支持现状令人堪忧,按照得分高低排序为工具支持、情绪支持和讯息支持,非正式支持多来源于家庭成员,正式社会支持多来源于残联和学校人员。4.自闭症儿童家庭社会支持中情绪支持、非正式社会支持和正式社会支持能够有效预测积极贡献。根据研究结果,研究者为提升自闭症儿童家庭积极贡献提供了相关建议。
[Abstract]:Relevant domestic studies have pointed out that families of autistic children face greater pressure than families of normal children and other disabled children, and their parents have a low level of physical and mental health and a poor quality of life. This suggests that autistic children are the cause of negative family outcomes. But the emergence of autistic children poses challenges to families, but we cannot erase the positive changes they make for families. In order to understand more fully the positive efforts of autistic children in (Family Outcome), we need to understand the positive contribution of autistic children to the whole family, the influence factors and the social support. Thus promoting positive household outcomes. In this study, 337 parents of 0-12 years old autistic children in Chongqing, Hunan and Guangdong were investigated by using self-designed Family active contribution questionnaire and Zhang Meiyun's revised Social support scale. At the same time, 15 parents of autistic children were interviewed in depth to understand the positive impact of autistic children on their families. In this study, SPSS21 was used to carry out independent T test, single factor analysis of variance, correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The results were as follows: 1. The questionnaire includes six dimensions: job development, sense of happiness and accomplishment, understanding of special knowledge, expansion of social relations, personal growth and maturity, and easier to understand the meaning of life. The overall reliability of the questionnaire was 0.94, and the reliability of each dimension was between 0.658-0.886; The correlation coefficient of each dimension is 0.446-0.726, the correlation coefficient between each dimension and the whole questionnaire is 0.709-0.898, the correlation coefficient between each dimension is moderate, and the correlation coefficient between each dimension and positive contribution is high. 2. 2. Families with autistic children are at a moderate level of positive contributions. Six factors, such as urban and rural areas, parents' education level, parents' employment, family monthly income, children's sex and degree of handicap, have significant influence on the positive contribution of children with autism. The gender of parents, the shape of family, the number of parents and children, the age of children with disability, the main caregivers, and the nature of schooling had no significant influence on the positive contribution of family. 3. The status of family social support for autistic children is worrisome. According to the score, social support is regarded as tool support, emotional support and information support, informal support comes from family members, formal social support comes from disabled persons and school staff. 4. Emotional support, informal social support and formal social support can effectively predict positive contributions in family social support for autistic children. According to the findings, the researchers provided suggestions for improving the positive contribution of autistic children's families.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G76
[Abstract]:Relevant domestic studies have pointed out that families of autistic children face greater pressure than families of normal children and other disabled children, and their parents have a low level of physical and mental health and a poor quality of life. This suggests that autistic children are the cause of negative family outcomes. But the emergence of autistic children poses challenges to families, but we cannot erase the positive changes they make for families. In order to understand more fully the positive efforts of autistic children in (Family Outcome), we need to understand the positive contribution of autistic children to the whole family, the influence factors and the social support. Thus promoting positive household outcomes. In this study, 337 parents of 0-12 years old autistic children in Chongqing, Hunan and Guangdong were investigated by using self-designed Family active contribution questionnaire and Zhang Meiyun's revised Social support scale. At the same time, 15 parents of autistic children were interviewed in depth to understand the positive impact of autistic children on their families. In this study, SPSS21 was used to carry out independent T test, single factor analysis of variance, correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The results were as follows: 1. The questionnaire includes six dimensions: job development, sense of happiness and accomplishment, understanding of special knowledge, expansion of social relations, personal growth and maturity, and easier to understand the meaning of life. The overall reliability of the questionnaire was 0.94, and the reliability of each dimension was between 0.658-0.886; The correlation coefficient of each dimension is 0.446-0.726, the correlation coefficient between each dimension and the whole questionnaire is 0.709-0.898, the correlation coefficient between each dimension is moderate, and the correlation coefficient between each dimension and positive contribution is high. 2. 2. Families with autistic children are at a moderate level of positive contributions. Six factors, such as urban and rural areas, parents' education level, parents' employment, family monthly income, children's sex and degree of handicap, have significant influence on the positive contribution of children with autism. The gender of parents, the shape of family, the number of parents and children, the age of children with disability, the main caregivers, and the nature of schooling had no significant influence on the positive contribution of family. 3. The status of family social support for autistic children is worrisome. According to the score, social support is regarded as tool support, emotional support and information support, informal support comes from family members, formal social support comes from disabled persons and school staff. 4. Emotional support, informal social support and formal social support can effectively predict positive contributions in family social support for autistic children. According to the findings, the researchers provided suggestions for improving the positive contribution of autistic children's families.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G76
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