对外汉语“被…所”结构教学研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 08:16

本文关键词：对外汉语“被…所”结构教学研究　出处：《扬州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“被…所”是现代汉语被动式的一种特殊结构,与典型“被”字句既有共性,也有差异性。在对外汉语教学中,留学生在学习的过程中也往往会遇到一些新的问题,这些问题的存在,往往会影响到他们对该结构的掌握与使用。因此,本文着眼于对对外汉语中“被…所”结构展开研究,以期帮助留学生解决在学习中遇到的相关问题。通过对本族语料统计,我们发现“被…所”结构的动词的语义集中于影响、听从、证明、抛弃、控制、取代、动补、认识、欺骗、覆盖这几个方面,结合HSK词汇等级大纲,我们绘制了动词语义类归表。对留学生动态作文语料库的统计分析,发现留学生在掌握“被…所”这一结构时,问题集中表现为使用率低,这不仅与语言结构本身的认知难度紧密相关,更与学生的交际需求、已学知识的前摄抑制及学习环境分不开；同时也发现亚洲国家的学生对这一结构的掌握优于其他国家。对四套汉语教材的对比发现,教材在编写过程中,对“被…所”结构的重视程度还不够,在此基础上,我们主要从注释、例句、习题设置几个方面对教材的编写提出了一些建议。为了能够更有效地教学“被…所”结构,我们试图结合语块理论,帮助学生树立语块意识,通过整体识记的方法提高学生的学习效率。
[Abstract]:"Be... What is a kind of special structure of modern Chinese passive, with typical "Bei" is not only common, but also has the difference. In foreign language teaching, students in the learning process will often encounter some new problems, these problems often affect their mastery of the structure and use. Therefore, this paper focuses on the Chinese "... The structure is studied in order to help the students to solve the related problems encountered in their study.
Through the statistics of the native language, we find that "is..." The meaning of verbs in the structure is focused on influence, obedient, proof, abandonment, control, substitution, dynamic complement, cognition, deception and coverage. Combined with the HSK vocabulary level outline, we draw the verb semantic category table.
The statistical analysis of the dynamic composition corpus of foreign students found that the foreign students were in the mastery of "by..." "This problem is concentrated on structure, low utilization rate, which not only with the cognitive difficulty of language structure itself is closely related with the communicative needs of the students, have knowledge of the proactive inhibition and learning environment are inseparable; also found that Asian students for this structure is better than that of other countries to master.
The comparison of the four sets of Chinese textbooks found that the textbook was written in the process of "being..." The importance of "structure" is not enough. On this basis, we put forward some suggestions on the compilation of textbooks from aspects of annotation, example sentences and exercises setting. In order to be able to teach effectively, The "structure, we try to combine the chunk theory, help students establish the awareness of chunks, improve students' learning efficiency through the method of whole memory.

【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195

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