HSK同义单音节词及其复加式双音词研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 21:12

本文关键词： 同义复加式双音词单音节词语序语义句法功能　出处：《扬州大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 汉语是一种历史悠久、词汇量丰富的语言,表现之一就是存在大量的同义词。汉语在发展的过程中,两个可以独立成词的单音节自由语素可根据表达需要,自由结合在一起构成同义复加式双音词。同义复加式双音词形成之后,一般并不排斥作为其构造基础的单音词的独立存在,这样便形成了同义单音节词及其复加式双音词并存共用的局面。同义单音节词及其复加式双音词是同义词中较为特别而又非常重要的一类,它们之间的异同关系到语音、语义、语法等多个方面。对其进行研究可以促使我们从多个层面立体研究现代汉语的相关问题,推动汉语本体研究的深入和发展。另外,这类同义词还是汉语词汇教学的重点与难点,尤其是对外汉语教学中的重点和难点之一。因此,这一研究有重要的应用价值。目前已有不少学者对这类同义词按词类进行了研究,但是对两个同义单音节词及其复加构成的双音节词进行专题研究的还没有,现有的几篇文章也只是就语义、语用或某一个词类的个别方面进行描写和概括,缺乏全面的分析、比较。本文以功能主义语言观为前提,尝试运用原型范畴理论、标记理论等相关的理论知识,从共时角度分析同义单音节词及其复加式双音词的语义关系和句法功能,从历时角度分析同义复加式双音词的语素顺序、成词的条件、模式及其来源。运用共时与历时相结合,语音、语义、语法相结合,定量研究与定性研究相结合等方法对《汉语8000词词典》中166组具有同义关系的单音节词及其复加构成的双音节词进行相对封闭的考察,不仅对其进行描写,也试图对其产生原因作理论上的探讨,尽量对其中的一些现象作出解释。本文除绪论外共四章: 第一章主要考察172个(包括《汉语8000词词典》内的6个同素异序词)同义复加式双音词的语素顺序。第二章主要探讨同义复加式双音词成词的条件、模式及其历史来源。第三章主要分析166组同义单音节词及其复加式双音词的语义关系。主要从共时层面讨论两个同义单音节词以及其复加式双音词三者之间的语义关系,将其分为四种情况,并选取代表性组类加以说明。第四章主要探讨同义单音节词及其复加式双音词在句法功能上的差异,并尽量对造成这种差异的原因进行解释。本文以教育部语言文字应用研究所在网上公布的语料库为基础进行研究,文中所举例句除特别注明外,全部来自该语料库。
[Abstract]:Chinese is a language with a long history and rich vocabulary, one of which is the existence of a large number of synonyms. During the development of Chinese, two monosyllabic free morphemes can be expressed according to the needs of expression. After the formation of synonymous compound additive disyllabic words, they generally do not exclude the independent existence of monosyllabic words which are the basis of their construction. In this way, synonymous monosyllabic words and their complex additive disyllabic words coexist and share the situation. Synonymous monosyllabic words and their complex additive disyllabic words are a special and very important category of synonyms. The similarities and differences between them are related to pronunciation and semantics. Grammar and other aspects. The study of it can promote us to study the relevant problems of modern Chinese from multiple levels and promote the development of Chinese ontology research. This kind of synonyms is also the focus and difficulty in Chinese vocabulary teaching, especially in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. At present, many scholars have studied such synonyms according to part of speech, but there is no special research on two synonymous monosyllabic words and the disyllabic words which are composed of two synonymous monosyllabic words. The existing articles only describe and generalize the individual aspects of semantics, pragmatics or a certain part of speech, lacking comprehensive analysis and comparison. This paper attempts to analyze the semantic relations and syntactic functions of synonymous monosyllabic words and their additive disyllabic words from the perspective of synonym by using prototype category theory and marker-related theory. From a diachronic point of view, this paper analyzes the morpheme order, the conditions of word formation, the mode and its source of synonymous compound additive disyllabic words, and applies synchronic and diachronic combination, phonological, semantic and grammatical combination. Combining quantitative and qualitative studies, 166 groups of monosyllabic words with synonymous meanings and disyllabic words with complex addition in the Dictionary of Chinese 8000 words were investigated in a relatively closed way. Not only to describe it, but also to try to make a theoretical discussion of its causes, and try to explain some of the phenomena. In addition to the introduction, this paper consists of four chapters: Chapter one mainly studies the morpheme order of 172 synonymous and additive disyllabic words (including 6 synonyms and displaces in the Chinese Dictionary of 8000 words). The second chapter mainly discusses the conditions, models and historical sources of synonymous compound additive disyllabic words. Chapter three mainly analyzes the semantic relationship of 166 groups of synonymous monosyllabic words and their complex additive disyllabic words, mainly discusses the semantic relationship between two synonymous monosyllabic words and their complex additive disyllabic words from the synchronic level. It is divided into four cases, and selected representative groups to explain. Chapter 4th mainly discusses the synonymous monosyllabic words and their complex additive disyllabic words in the syntactic function differences and try to explain the causes of this difference. This paper is based on the corpus published online by the Institute of language and character Application of the Ministry of Education.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H136

【引证文献】