汉日同形词在对外汉语教学中的研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 14:24

本文选题：汉日同形词　切入点：偏误分析　出处：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：不同语言的词汇系统中,有大量基本对应的词语存在,但是,并非所有的对应词语都完全相等,这就需要认真地加以对比,以避免负迁移现象的发生,在教学过程中也更应予以高度重视,充分利用其优势并避免其不利。汉语与日语同属于汉字文化圈,两国在语言上有很深的渊源,双方都在不断的学习,日语里至今仍保留着汉字,很多词语跟汉语都有些联系,汉日同形词在对日汉语教学中应得到足够重视。汉日同形词给日本的汉语学习者带来方便的同时,也带来了很多困难。特别是汉日同形词引起“望文生义”的偏误。因此,研究汉日同形词的问题对对日汉语教学很有意义。本论文主要采用偏误分析、对比分析等研究方法对汉日同形词的类型、汉日同形词的偏误类型以及汉日同形词偏误产生原因等方面进行研究。同时在对偏误进行分析的基础上,也适当地结合教学,提出相应的教学策略。本文将汉日同形词分为同形同义词、同形异义词、同形近义词三类。以《发展汉语》综合课本中的词汇为依托,从“北京语言大学HSK动态作文语料库”和“暨南大学留学生书面语语料库”中搜集偏误语料并对其进行综合统计和分析。本论文首先将偏误句分为同形同义词偏误句、同形异义词偏误句、同形近义词偏误句;其次按照偏误类型,划分为词义偏误、词性偏误、搭配偏误及语用偏误。本文根据统计和分析结果,意在总结偏误原因,提出教学对策。本论文主要从语言、教学及习得三方面总结偏误原因,语音影响、近义词干扰、母语负迁移及教师的教学和工具书等问题都会造成汉日同形词的偏误。在此基础上,也从教师、教材及学习者本身等多角度提出了可行性的教学建议及对策。在针对日籍学生词汇教学和同形词辨析过程中要明确教学重难点,要多角度全方面的去剖析和比较汉日同形词,使学习者对同形词的掌握上升到理性阶段,从而提高学习效率。
[Abstract]:In the lexical system of different languages, there are a large number of basic corresponding words, but not all the corresponding words are completely equal, which requires careful comparison in order to avoid the phenomenon of negative transfer. In the process of teaching, we should pay more attention to it, make full use of its advantages and avoid its disadvantages. Both Chinese and Japanese belong to the cultural circle of Chinese characters. The two countries have deep language roots, and both sides are constantly learning. Chinese characters are still kept in Japanese, and many words have some connection with Chinese. Chinese and Japanese homographs should be paid enough attention to in the teaching of Japanese Chinese. At the same time, Chinese and Japanese homographs bring convenience to Chinese learners in Japan. It also brings a lot of difficulties. Especially, the homographs between Chinese and Japanese have caused the errors of "the meaning of literature". Therefore, it is of great significance to study the Chinese and Japanese homographs in the teaching of Chinese. This paper mainly adopts the error analysis. Comparative analysis and other research methods are used to study the types of homographs in Chinese and Japanese, the types of errors in Chinese and Japanese homographs, and the causes of errors in Chinese and Japanese homographs. At the same time, on the basis of the analysis of errors, they are also properly combined with teaching. In this paper, the Chinese and Japanese homographs are divided into three categories: synonyms, synonyms, synonyms and synonyms. The errors are collected from the HSK dynamic composition Corpus of Beijing language and language University and the written language Corpus of Jinan University. According to the types of errors, they are divided into three categories: semantic errors, lexical errors, collocation errors and pragmatic errors. According to the results of statistics and analysis, this paper aims to summarize the causes of errors. This paper summarizes the causes of errors, phonetic effects, and synonyms interference from three aspects: language, teaching and acquisition. The negative transfer of mother tongue and teachers' teaching and reference books will cause errors in homographs between Chinese and Japanese. The teaching materials and learners themselves have put forward feasible teaching suggestions and countermeasures. In view of Japanese students' vocabulary teaching and homographs discrimination, it is necessary to make clear the difficulties in teaching, to analyze and compare Chinese and Japanese homographs from many angles and all aspects. So that learners' mastery of homographs can be raised to rational stage, thus improving their learning efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

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