从《语言自迩集》版本变化看对外汉语教材编写

发布时间：2018-03-06 15:10

本文选题：《语言自迩集》　切入点：语言三要素　出处：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《语言自迩集》是一部19世纪中期外国人学习汉语的教材,由威妥玛主持编写,教材记录了大量真实的北京话语音、词汇和语法。《语言自迩集》曾多次再版,每个版本在内容选择上都发生了变化。本文以《语言自迩集》两个版本中的246组相似句子为研究对象,从语音、词汇、语法和语用几个方面观察对比两个版本间的异同,找出两个版本间的变化。全文包括五部分内容:第一章介绍《语言自迩集》的基本情况,并概述《语言自迩集》的研究现状,较为详细的总结了前人研究的成果,阐述了本研究的必要性。第二章从语音、词汇和语法角度找出《语言自迩集》初版和再版之间的变化。语音方面的变化主要表现在根据语言实际的变化而变化;词汇方面的变化主要表现在词义缩小、书面语词换成口语词、新旧词语的替换等方面。语法方面的变化主要表现在语序的变化、被动句换成主动句、增加副词等方面。第三章找出《语言自迩集》两个版本中语用现象的变化。再版主要通过四种手段增加教材中的语用因素。一是增加修饰性成分;二是增加答语;三是增加关联词;四是通过词语、短语或句子的替换,使表达更契合语境。第四章通过前面几章的分析,总结出1886年再版变化的特点,包括实用性、科学性、针对性、创新性和严谨性。第五章对对外汉语教材编写在词汇、语法和语用方面的启示。词汇选择标准方面的启示是所选词语应符合教材定位,根据人们认识的变化而调整教材词语和优选具体词语等;语法方面的启示是教材编写应按照学习者的实际学习水平来编写和重视语序等;语用方面的启示是教材编写应遵循语用原则,重视教材结构中的语用含义,重视篇章的衔接性和连贯性等。
[Abstract]:"language from you" is a textbook for foreigners to learn Chinese in the middle of 19th century, written by Wade. The textbook records a large number of real Beijing dialect pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. In this paper, 246 groups of similar sentences in the two editions of "language from you" are taken as the research objects, and the similarities and differences between the two versions are observed and compared from phonological, lexical, grammatical and pragmatic aspects. Find out the changes between the two versions. The paper includes five parts: chapter one introduces the basic situation of "language from you", and summarizes the research status of "language from you", and summarizes the achievements of previous studies in detail. The second chapter tries to find out the changes between the first edition and the second edition from the perspective of pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. The changes in vocabulary are mainly reflected in the narrowing of word meaning, the replacement of written words with spoken words, the replacement of new and old words, etc. The changes in grammar are mainly reflected in the change of word order, the change of passive sentence into active sentence, etc. The third chapter finds out the changes of pragmatic phenomena in the two versions of "language from you". The second edition mainly increases the pragmatic factors in the textbook by four means, one is to increase the modifier, the other is to add the answer; The fourth is to make the expression fit the context through the replacement of words, phrases or sentences. Chapter 4th summarizes the characteristics of the reprint changes in 1886 through the analysis of the previous chapters, including practicability, science, pertinence, etc. Innovation and preciseness. Chapter 5th enlightens the compilation of teaching materials for TCFL in terms of vocabulary, grammar and pragmatics. The inspiration of lexical selection criteria is that the selected words should conform to the orientation of the textbook. According to the change of people's cognition, we should adjust the words and choose the specific words in the textbook, the inspiration in grammar is that the textbook should be compiled according to the learners' actual learning level and pay more attention to the word order and so on. The enlightenment of pragmatics is that the compilation of textbooks should follow the pragmatic principle, attach importance to the pragmatic meaning in the structure of the textbook, and attach importance to the cohesion and coherence of the text.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.4

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