对外汉语教学中同素逆序词教学研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 00:23

本文选题：对外汉语教学 + 同素逆序词　；参考：《南京大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：同素逆序词是汉语词汇中的一种特殊语言现象,指的是两个语素通过顺序颠倒的方法组成两个不同且又有联系的双音节合成词。同素逆序词既涉及语素义的问题,又涉及词语的结构问题,因而在教学过程中有一定的难度。许多学习汉语的外国学生由于受到母语的影响往往也会忽视这类词语的特殊性。论文先从同素逆序词研究现状着手,对同素逆序词在本体及对外汉语教学领域的相关研究成果进行概述。其次,从对外汉语教学的角度对同素逆序词进行界定,并且借助《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》、北京语言大学“HSK动态作文语料库”、两部典型对外汉语教材《拾级汉语综合课本》及《发展汉语综合课本》为参考来拟定适合对外汉语教学用的同素逆序词表。进而,为更好地了解外国学生掌握此类词的情况,本研究制作了相应调查问卷对学生的掌握情况进行调查分析。最后,笔者依据相关教学原则尝试对教学现状提出一些教学建议,如在实际课堂教学中加强学生语素意识及语素序意识的培养,通过对词进行结构分析以掌握词义,让学生对语言单位的组合顺序影响语义的规律产生深刻印象,以及通过分析比较等方法归纳相应词语的语义及语法特点等,以便学生能够分阶段系统性掌握词语知识,最终实现事半功倍的教学效果。全文共分为四章。第一章为绪论,主要阐述了选题的依据、研究意义、研究现状及介绍了相关研究工作。第二章为同素逆序词的研究分析。本章从对外汉语教学的角度出发,首先对同素逆序词的概念进行界定。其次,根据相关划定原则及标准,统计后得出适合对外汉语教学用的同素逆序词表。第三章为留学生对同素逆序词掌握情况的调查分析。本章首先交代了调查的目的、对象及过程。其次,依据选词原则,进行调查问卷设计。为更好地了解偏误产生的原因,本节特增加入个人访谈内容以补充调查问卷的不足。再次,综合利用高级班留学生的调查问卷统计结果及个人访谈内容进行错误原因的详尽分析。最后,针对问卷中存在的普遍性错误,进行偏误分析。第四章为同素逆序词教学原则及建议。本章第一部分中,笔者在对外汉语词汇教学原则的基础上,进一步归纳出具有针对性的同素逆序词教学原则,第二部分即在相关原则的指导下,提出相应同素逆序词的教学建议。本文对同素逆序词的教学实践提出针对性的教学策略,以有效帮助留学生准确地掌握同素逆序词的词义、用法及辨析。笔者希望提出的教学建议能够对同素逆序词的教学有一定的参考价值并有助于提高教学质量及教学效率
[Abstract]:Converse word with morpheme is a special linguistic phenomenon in Chinese vocabulary, which means that two morphemes are composed of two disyllabic compound words by reverse order method. The inverse word of the same morpheme involves not only the problem of morpheme meaning but also the structure of the word, so it is difficult in the teaching process. Many foreign students who learn Chinese also ignore the particularity of these words because of the influence of their mother tongue. This paper begins with the current situation of the research on the inverse word of the same element and summarizes the related research results in the field of Noumenon and teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Secondly, from the point of view of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, we define the inverse word of the same element, and with the help of the outline of Chinese level Vocabulary and Chinese characters, the HSK dynamic composition Corpus of Beijing language and language University. Two typical textbooks of Chinese as a foreign language < Chinese comprehensive textbook of level 10 > and "comprehensive textbook of developing Chinese language" are used as references to draw up a list of words with the same morpheme in reverse order suitable for teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Furthermore, in order to better understand the foreign students' mastery of such words, a questionnaire is made to investigate and analyze the students' mastery. Finally, according to the relevant teaching principles, the author tries to put forward some teaching suggestions, such as strengthening the cultivation of students' awareness of morpheme and morpheme order in actual classroom teaching, and analyzing the structure of words to grasp the meaning of words. So that students can be impressed by the law that the combination order of language units affects the semantics, and the semantic and grammatical characteristics of the corresponding words can be summed up by means of analysis and comparison, so that students can systematically master the knowledge of words in stages. Finally, the teaching effect can be achieved with half the effort. The full text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly describes the basis of the topic, research significance, research status and related research work. The second chapter is the research and analysis of the inverse word of the same morpheme. From the perspective of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, this chapter first defines the concept of converse word. Secondly, according to the relevant principles and standards, the author obtains the homonym reverse word list suitable for teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The third chapter is the investigation and analysis of the foreign students' understanding of the same morpheme reverse word. This chapter first describes the purpose, object and process of the investigation. Secondly, according to the principle of word selection, the questionnaire design. In order to better understand the causes of errors, this section adds personal interviews to supplement the deficiencies of the questionnaire. Thirdly, the author makes a detailed analysis of the error reasons by using the statistical results of questionnaires and personal interviews. Finally, the error analysis is carried out in view of the common errors in the questionnaire. The fourth chapter is the teaching principle and suggestion of the same morpheme inverse word. In the first part of this chapter, on the basis of the teaching principles of vocabulary teaching in TCFL, the author further sums up the teaching principles of homonym reverse word. The second part is under the guidance of relevant principles. Some teaching suggestions are put forward. This paper puts forward some teaching strategies to help foreign students to grasp the meaning, usage and discrimination of the word of the inverse order of the same element in order to help the foreign students to grasp the meaning, usage and analysis of the word accurately in the teaching practice of the word in reverse order of the same element. The author hopes that the teaching suggestions can be of certain reference value to the teaching of the same morpheme inverse word, and help to improve the teaching quality and teaching efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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