现代汉语和泰语名量词比较及对泰汉语名量词教学

发布时间：2018-04-30 19:01

本文选题：汉语 + 泰语　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 汉语和泰语都有着非常发达的名量词。本文根据类型学和对比语言学理论,通过汉语和泰语名量词的比较,在梳理二者关系的基础上,探索对泰汉语名量词教学(即对泰国学生进行汉语名量词的教学)的特殊规律。本文创新点有三:1、对汉语和泰语的反响型量词及度量衡词进行深层的比较探索;2、通过对比,探究汉语和泰语名量词的色彩意义;3、研究对泰汉语名量词教学的方法。名量词是这两种语言中产生最早、数量最多、也最能体现量词特色的词类,但从渊源关系上对它们进行系统深入地比较,以探索对泰汉语名量词特殊的教学规律,这方面的研究还很少。同时,笔者在泰国从事汉语教学过程中,对于汉语和泰语名量词如何准确互译存在诸多困惑,而泰国学生在选用汉语名量词时,出现的偏误和印欧语系语言的学生又迥然不同,这都使笔者感到进行该方面研究的必要性和迫切性。本论文主要涵盖以下内容: 汉语和泰语同属汉藏语系中有着发达量词的语言,这种亲属关系决定了它们的名量词之间,也有着千丝万缕的联系。比如:名量词类别的大同小异;“名+数+量”结构的曾经相同;名量词蕴涵着丰富的色彩意义等。但这两种语言毕竟分属于不同的语言系统,各自的名量词又熔铸着汉、泰民族独有的思维方式,承载着独具的文化信息。本文以汉语和泰语名量词为研究对象,通过横向、纵向的比较,一方面,追溯它们的渊源关系,探究古汉语中反响量词的消亡及原因;现代汉、泰语中自主量词的名同而质异;论证汉语和泰语名量词具有共同的理据——鲜明的色彩意义,从而否定了汉语量词专家何杰提出的“量词的形象色彩是汉语量词独有的特点”。另一方面,探究分流之后的汉语和泰语名量词各自的特点及蕴涵的丰富的文化内涵。本文通过比较,以泰语名量词作为参照系来反观汉语名量词的特点,探索对泰汉语名量词教学不同于其他对外汉语名量词教学的特殊规律。在此基础上,有针对性地提出对泰汉语名量词教学的相应对策。例如:针对汉、泰语语序的不同,进行专门的名量词语序教学;根据名量词类别的异同,分门别类地进行对泰汉语名量词教学;根据汉语名量词所蕴含的丰富的文化内涵,进行汉语名量词的语义及语用文化教学等。本文从亲属语言比较的视角,揭示汉语和泰语名量词的异同,并进而探索对泰汉语名量词教学的特殊规律,希望能对深入理解汉、泰语名量词的历时、共时特点,促进对泰汉语名量词教学有一定的理论和实践价值。正文的附录部分包括两方面内容:一是汉藏语系谱系树形示意图;二是部分常用泰语名量词表。本论文的研究意义在于:1、从亲属语言比较的视角来观察汉语和泰语名量词千丝万缕的联系,能够深化对汉语和泰语名量词的认识,发掘两种语言名量词的本质特征;2、推进汉语和泰语名量词比较研究的理论建设;3、为尚处于摸石头过河阶段的对泰汉语名量词教学提供理论指导。
[Abstract]:Chinese and Thai both have very developed name quantifiers. This paper, based on the theory of typology and contrastive linguistics, explores the special rules of the teaching of the quantifiers in Thai Chinese (i.e. teaching Chinese names to Thailand students) on the basis of the comparison of the quantifiers in Chinese and Thai names and on the basis of the two relations. The innovation points are three: 1, to the Han Dynasty. A deep comparison between the repercussions and measurement words of the Thai language and the Thai language; 2, through comparison, to explore the color meaning of the Chinese and the quantifiers of the Thai names; and 3, to study the teaching methods of the quantifiers in Thai Chinese.
The name quantifier is the earliest, the largest number, and the most capable of expressing the characteristics of the quantifier in these two languages. However, from the relationship of origin, it is systematically compared to explore the special teaching rules of the Chinese noun quantifier. At the same time, the writer is engaged in Chinese teaching in Thailand. There are many puzzles in how to translate the quantifier for the name of the language, and the students in Thailand are very different from the students in the Indo European languages when they choose the quantifier of the Chinese name. This makes the author feel the necessity and urgency of the study.
The main contents of this paper are as follows:
Both Chinese and Thai belong to the language of the developed quantifiers in the Chinese and Tibetan Languages. This kinship determines their names and quantifiers. For example, the category of the noun and quantifier is the same; the "name + number + quantity" structure is the same; the noun quantifier contains rich color meaning, but these two languages belong to it after all. In different language systems, each noun classifier has cast the unique thinking mode of Han and Thailand, carrying unique cultural information.
In this paper, Chinese and Thai names are taken as the research object, through the horizontal, longitudinal comparison, on the one hand, tracing back their origin relations, exploring the extinction and causes of the repercussions in ancient Chinese; the modern Han and Thai independent quantifiers are the same and different. The "image color of quantifier is the unique characteristic of Chinese Quantifier", which is put forward by the Chinese Quantifier expert He Jie. On the other hand, the characteristics and rich cultural connotations of the Chinese and Thai noun quantifiers after the diversion are explored. The teaching of the quantifier for the Chinese name of Thai is different from the special rules of other foreign Chinese quantifiers. On this basis, the corresponding countermeasures for the teaching of the quantifiers in Thai Chinese are put forward. For example, the special name word order teaching is carried out according to the difference of the word order of the Thai and the Thai language; according to the similarities and differences of the category of the name quantifier, it is carried out in different categories. The teaching of noun classifier in Thai and Chinese is based on the rich cultural connotations of Chinese Noun Classifiers.
This paper, from the perspective of relative language comparison, reveals the similarities and differences between Chinese and Thai noun quantifiers, and then explores the special rules of the teaching of the quantifiers in Thai Chinese, hoping to understand the diachronic and synchronic characteristics of the quantifiers of the Chinese and Thai names, and to promote the teaching of the quantifiers in Thai Chinese to a certain extent.
The appendix of the text includes two aspects: one is the tree sketch map of the genealogy of Han and Tibetan Languages; the two is some commonly used Thai noun scale thesaurus.
The significance of this study lies in the following: 1, from the perspective of relative language comparison to observe the inextricable links between Chinese and Thai noun quantifiers, to deepen the understanding of Chinese and Thai noun quantifiers and to explore the essential features of the two language noun quantifiers; 2, to promote the theoretical construction of the comparative study of Chinese and Thai noun quantifiers; 3. It provides theoretical guidance for the teaching of noun classifier in Thai.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H146

【引证文献】