中法委婉语对比分析及对外汉语教学中的委婉语教学建议

发布时间：2019-03-17 16:27

【摘要】：委婉语是世界各民族语言中普遍存在的现象,是目前语言学界所关注的热点。不同的文化氛围和社会历史背景会产生出各异的委婉语。汉法两种语言中都存在着大量的委婉语,对比分析汉法委婉语,不仅能反映出中法两国在社会历史文化、深层价值观念以及民族心理等诸多方面上的共同性和差异性,对跨文化交际和汉法语教学也有重要的指导意义。充分地了解一个国家的文化能让外语学习者更快地适应目的语国家,还能够加强跨文化交际技能。外语教师也应该扩充更多的文化知识,同时将这些知识植入到教学当中去,使学生能够在跨文化交际的同时更好地运用语言知识,进而避免文化冲突。全文共分为六部分：绪论部分主要介绍了选题背景、选题意义以及委婉语研究综述。第一章从定义、产生原因等方面对中法委婉语进行了简单介绍,并从死亡、人体的缺陷、日常生活等九个方面说明了委婉语的使用范围。第二章从语义功能、社交功能两个方面对中法委婉语的共通性进行了描述。在语义功能上,委婉语代替了“不敢说”、“不想说”和“不好意思说”；在社交功能上,委婉语有礼貌功能和避俗功能。第三章从对“神”和“鬼”的婉称上、对人的婉称上、表示“老”的婉称上、汉语中的谐音禁忌、语用文化上对中法委婉语的差异性进行了详细地分析。第四章针对对外汉语教学中的委婉语教学提出了一些可行性教学建议。结论部分对本文的研究进行了总结,并提出了本文的创新之处和不足之处。
[Abstract]:Euphemism is a common phenomenon in the languages of all nationalities in the world, and it is the focus of attention in the field of linguistics. Different cultural atmosphere and social and historical background will produce different euphemisms. There are a lot of euphemisms in both Chinese and French languages. A contrastive analysis of euphemisms in Chinese and French can not only reflect the similarities and differences between China and France in many aspects, such as social history and culture, deep-seated values and national psychology, etc. It also has important guiding significance to cross-cultural communication and Chinese-French teaching. A good understanding of the culture of a country can make foreign language learners adapt to the target language countries more quickly, and can also enhance intercultural communication skills. Foreign language teachers should also expand more cultural knowledge and incorporate it into teaching so that students can make better use of language knowledge while communicating with each other so as to avoid cultural conflicts. The thesis is divided into six parts: the introduction mainly introduces the background, significance and euphemism research. The first chapter gives a brief introduction to euphemism in China and France from the aspects of definition and cause, and explains the scope of euphemism in nine aspects, such as death, human defects and daily life. The second chapter describes the commonality of Chinese and French euphemism from two aspects: semantic function and social function. In semantic function, euphemism replaces "do not dare to say", "does not want to say" and "embarrassed to say"; in the social function, euphemism has the function of politeness and avoiding vulgarity. The third chapter analyzes the difference of Chinese French euphemism from the euphemism of "god" and "ghost", the euphemism of human, the euphemism of "old", the homophonic taboo in Chinese, and the pragmatic culture of French euphemism. The fourth chapter puts forward some feasible teaching suggestions for euphemism teaching in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. The conclusion part summarizes the research of this paper, and puts forward the innovation and deficiency of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：H195

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