中国高校数量规模对经济发展影响的实证研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 22:37

本文选题：高校数量规模 + 经济发展　；参考：《中国高教研究》2017年08期

【摘要】：基于1987—2015年29个省市的面板数据,借助"高校数量与经济发展的关系模型",重点分析了我国高校数量规模变化及其对经济发展的影响。研究发现:30余年来,我国高校密度明显提升,但仍不足以应对即将到来的高等教育普及化;高校数量增长对经济发展具有积极的推动作用且存在边际效益,具体表现在,扩招后高校数量规模发展对人均GDP的拉动作用减弱,同时人力资本和创新专利对经济增长的推动作用减弱且不显著;高校数量对经济推动的作用存在区域差别,中部地区作用最大,其次是东部地区,西部地区作用最小且呈现出负相关。建议国家进一步加大高等教育投入,扩大高校数量规模;提高高等教育质量,释放高等教育红利;改革创新创业与就业的体制机制,加快科技成果转化和人力资本价值的实现;平衡东中西部高校结构,促进高等教育公平。
[Abstract]:Based on the panel data of 29 provinces and cities from 1987 to 2015, and with the help of the Model of the relationship between the quantity of Colleges and the Economic Development, this paper analyzes the change of the quantity and scale of colleges and universities in China and its influence on the economic development. The study found that over the past 30 years or so, the density of colleges and universities in our country has obviously increased, but it is still insufficient to cope with the coming popularization of higher education; the growth of the number of colleges and universities has a positive role in promoting economic development and there are marginal benefits. After enrollment expansion, the pulling effect of the development of university quantity on GDP per capita is weakened, while the role of human capital and innovation patent in promoting economic growth is weakened and not significant, and there are regional differences in the role of the number of colleges and universities in promoting economic growth. The role of the central region is the largest, followed by the eastern region, and the western region has the least role and negative correlation. It is suggested that the government should further increase the investment in higher education, expand the number and scale of higher education, improve the quality of higher education, release the dividend of higher education, reform the institutional mechanism of innovating entrepreneurship and employment, speed up the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and realize the value of human capital. Balance the structure of universities in the east, west and west, and promote the fairness of higher education.
【作者单位】：北京航空航天大学高等教育研究院;北京航空航天大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金2016年应急管理项目“创新型国家建设的人才战略及其教育对策研究”(71641008)的研究成果
【分类号】：G649.2

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