如何提升来华留学教育的竞争力——基于规模总量和学历结构视角的经验分析

发布时间：2018-06-04 23:24

本文选题：来华留学 + 规模总量　；参考：《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年05期

【摘要】：当今,教育国际化已成为许多国家教育发展的重要战略和普遍共识,来华留学教育竞争力是衡量我国教育水平的重要标准。近年来,来华留学教育进入"规模增速放缓、学历层次偏低、驱动因素不足"的发展阶段,亟待借助新思路、新措施实现发展"新常态"。"一带一路"倡议提出后,来华留学生教育服务迎来了新的发展机遇。在此背景下,探究外国留学生来华留学的主要影响因素,据此提升来华留学教育的竞争力,成为亟待解决的课题。文章基于波特的国家竞争优势理论,选取2002—2013年时间序列数据,从要素条件、需求条件、相关产业、国家策略四个方面验证来华留学生选择的影响因素,结果表明:要素条件对提升来华留学竞争力有积极的作用,选取的高等学校生均经费、高等教育师生比两个变量对来华留学生规模均有显著的正向影响;需求条件的作用取决于机会和成本的权衡,代表留学机会的高等教育毛入学率对来华留学生规模有显著的正向影响,代表留学成本的年均汇率则影响为负;相关产业方面,计算机产业和旅游业的发展有助于提升来华留学教育的竞争力,互联网使用人数、境外游客人数对来华留学生规模有显著的正向影响;国家策略方面,服务贸易开放度具有显著的正向影响。此外,在关注来华留学生规模总量的基础上,文章特别将来华留学生的学历结构纳入研究视角,运用VAR模型的技术方法,探究了来华留学生教育服务可持续发展的机制。研究表明:高比例的学历教育对来华留学规模有显著的积极影响,规模优势所带来的影响力和声誉也将吸引更多的外国学生来华接受学历教育。因此,在来华留学生教育服务发展进入规模与结构并重的"新常态"背景下,可充分利用数量与质量相互促进的良性循环机制,以发展促增长。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the internationalization of education has become an important strategy and a common understanding in the development of education in many countries. The competitiveness of studying abroad in China is an important standard to measure the level of education in China. In recent years, the education of studying abroad in China has entered a stage of "slow growth in scale, low level of academic qualifications and insufficient driving factors". It is urgent to use new ideas and measures to realize the "new normal" of development. " After the proposal of Belt and Road, the education service for foreign students in China ushered in a new development opportunity. In this context, it is an urgent task to explore the main influencing factors for foreign students to study in China, so as to enhance the competitiveness of overseas education in China. Based on Porter's theory of national competitive advantage, this paper selects the time series data from 2002 to 2013 to verify the factors affecting the choice of foreign students in China from four aspects: factor conditions, demand conditions, relevant industries, and national strategies. The results show that the factor conditions have a positive effect on the competitiveness of studying abroad in China, and the two variables, the average expenditure of college students and the ratio of higher education to teachers and students, have a significant positive impact on the scale of foreign students coming to China. The effect of demand conditions depends on the balance of opportunity and cost. The gross enrollment rate of higher education, which represents the opportunity of studying abroad, has a significant positive impact on the scale of foreign students coming to China, while the average annual exchange rate representing the cost of studying abroad is negative. The development of computer industry and tourism industry helps to enhance the competitiveness of studying abroad education in China. The number of Internet users and the number of overseas tourists have a significant positive impact on the scale of foreign students coming to China. The openness of service trade has a significant positive effect. In addition, on the basis of paying close attention to the total scale of foreign students coming to China, this paper puts the educational structure of foreign students in China into the perspective of research, and probes into the mechanism of the sustainable development of education service for foreign students in China by using the technical method of VAR model. The research shows that the high proportion of academic education has a significant positive impact on the scale of studying in China, and the influence and reputation brought by the advantage of scale will attract more foreign students to receive academic education in China. Therefore, under the background of "new normal" in which the development of education service for foreign students in China is of equal importance in scale and structure, we can make full use of the benign cycle mechanism of mutual promotion between quantity and quality to promote growth through development.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院;
【分类号】：G648.9

【相似文献】